1、2012 年外文文献翻译 题 目 Some Thoughts About Regulatory Detailed Planning Of Index System Some Thoughts About Regulatory Detailed Planning Of Index System【Abstract】This article from the actual management and operability, which is based on the current regulatory detailed planning which refers to the system a
2、nd lack of flexibility, index system to establish scientific such problems, and improving Suggestions of index system, and introduces the conception of the vegetation coverage, the open space, floor area ratio of indexes, and comb for which .【Key words】Regulatory Detailed Planning,Index SystemWith t
3、he January 1, 2008 the implementation of the new urban and rural planning, the importance of regulatory detailed planning put on a new level, the implementation of the plan of our city and management work has also put forward new and is more strict request. At the same time, we should also see the c
4、urrent regulatory detailed planning still has certain problem, particularly those of the index system, in the practical management and operation process still exists many deficiencies, specific performance for some index lack of flexibility, and to the construction of practical guidance to the small
5、, even will hinder the development of the land and construction. How to perfect the regulatory detailed planning of index system make it has better guidance, is in urgent problems before us.1.Problems Existing Research（1）Lack of flexibilityThe city planning methodspecified in article 24, the urban r
6、egulatory detailed planning approval in accordance with law, shall be based on has the city planning or partition plan, take into account the relevant special planning, at the request of specific plot of land use of construction and puts forward the control indicators, as the administrative departme
7、nt of construction (urban and rural planning departments) make construction project of the licensing basis. The town planning basic standard terms point out, regulatory to the overall urban planning or partition plan as the basis, the construction of the area of land use to determine the nature and
8、use of strength, roads and engineering control index pipeline controlling position and space environment control planning requirements.We can see, regulatory detailed planning just as its name implies is to control, and to the land development use of the property, strength, such as supporting the ro
9、le of a controlling. The current regulatory detailed planning of the control mainly includes land control and index of the control, of which the main land use control for the function of the land use zoning and its location and scale the determination, traffic organization in the plot, the road line
10、 level determine, supporting the municipal facilities of control, and so on, these are also the current regulatory detailed planning process most attention and do the most complete a piece of content.And in view of the urban construction form of it, because of the construction of the development and
11、 too fast, but also because most of the local government not adjust the relationship between the development and control, which now many regulatory control are in the negative state, just as the development and utilization of land a reference in the management of examination and approval of meet ben
12、efits balance, usually was forced to make a concession of also is often accused of rules and regulations. There are also a lot of regulatory just finish are in need of revision of embarrassing.On the one hand, reason is planning on executive power is not enough, on the other hand, the lack of regula
13、tory flexibility is also lead to its can not adapt to the urban construction and development situation of the important reasons. For example we often mentioned regulatory changes in the nature of the land, the existing planning method and regulatory text to land in nature for some built comfortable
14、compatibility requirements, the optimum built mainly is aims at the plot of the proposed construction of compound, the most common practice is put forward specific requirements and compatibility of compatibility building amount of general proportion. In the actual land and approval process, is more
15、of a land of nature itself change requirements, the current regulatory but not in put forward the corresponding ways to cope.We should realize that in the urban construction speed now, change of plans to put forward for nature is the inevitable, if the regulatory detailed planning process has been c
16、onsidering the plot that might be some changes in the nature, the control in the planning management rules will have greater flexibility.For example: we can put the land property is divided into three categories, the first kind is planning land properties, that is, we in the land use plan of the lan
17、d put nature, is priority. The second available land properties, that is, in really needs to change the land use nature, through some of the examination and approval procedures can be changed as the plot of the nature of alternative properties. The third kind, not with the land for nature, that is,
18、in any case, this plot is not allowed to use of land property.As such, the different regions of the plot, according to the actual conditions and the needs of the construction condition, we can choose different levels of degree of flexibility. To build and construction of key areas, the flexibility o
19、f the plot to lower, control will is stricter. And for those not key plot or land development situation more complex area, the nature of the flexibility to the land we can increase properly, in order to get the best development effect.（2）The establishment of index system of scientific insufficientIn
20、 the current regulatory detailed planning process, to the establishment of index system of land use structure is often no land for the establishment of the nature of the attention, but in actual the planning and management of the process, the importance of index system is the nature of the land are
21、by no importance of low.The current regulatory detailed planning control indicators divided into forced about regulatory detailed planning of the index system of some thought-provoking index and guiding index.Mandatory index mainly includes: land properties, the area of land, building density, build
22、ing control height, building the red line back, floor area ratio, the rate is distance, traffic entrance location and parking garages and other public facilities to be allocated, etc.Guiding index generally includes: population capacity: namely planning plot every hectares of land in living within t
23、he population. Architectural form size, color, style, and so on request.In these indicators, building density, floor area ratio, high control, the rate is this a few index is especially important, directly related to the construction of the plot strength. But is the index established, but lack of im
24、portant degree and adapt to the scientific nature. On the one hand, the establishment of index are usually according to relevant provisions or experience value to gain, on the other hand, the controlling index itself, there are also some shortcomings.For example we usually to the rate is proposed 30
25、% of the index, in many cases are lack of a reliable basis, it also makes in the planning and management of the actual and construction, have a very good execution, or executive dont lose gain corresponding effect.2.Several Indicators Introduced And Comb(1)High index of the fuzzy controlHeight contr
26、ol whether can use more vague standards, such as: can be divided into low-level, multi-layer, high-rise, tall and have a interval range of index classification.Height control regulation, in addition to meet some of the technology (such as headroom, microwave channel etc) height control requirements
27、and part of the development intensity outside control requirements, the most is to meet the city building space profile and the needs of the landscape shape. The height of the now control mode is set high index of the upper limit value only index, so in control in the process of the regulatory plann
28、ing entrusted investment promotion and capital introduction unit to consider the needs of the development of strength or uncertainty usually demand high limit control only or simply requirements do not set high control make the highly controlled the starting point of the original and at least get th
29、e role of play, no to control action was limited development indicators.To achieve highly controlled original role, whether, with some of the more flexible and fuzzy criteria of classification, such as divided into low-level (less or equal to six meters), multi-layer (6-20 meters), senior (20, 50 me
30、ters), tall (50 meters above), and in every plot with percentage within each of the proportion of the high building said, such as sure a plot of the highly controlled, specify the plot with multilayer primarily can have moderate high-rise buildings are not allowed to have tall, and so on. Achieve sp
31、ace profile and the role of landscape shape. In planning and management in the process also can do proper handle, as long as it doesnt change the whole plot high style, can be approved.（2） The vegetation coverage and the introduction of open space rateThe rate for control of the plot is environmenta
32、l quality and set mandatory index, in the planning process showed 40%, 30%, and so on numerical area, no good reason, so the control index is operational and actual effect of less than expected.People think that the rate is the index of the role is to ensure a plot have certain green plants to cover
33、, in order to achieve the purpose of environmental quality control, and the other one is the most fundamental role is to ensure that the blocks and the activities of people living in the closest natural biological nature to meet, specifically is within the plot must be left free to do as the people
34、of land in outdoor rest, chatting, take a walk, basking in the sun and other activities of places. Now the regulatory process of thing that often draw three-dimensional G11 as concentrated green land of, Im not against this kind of practice, I am opposed to is the only G11 as a numerical or is the c
35、oncept of the index and ignore the actual effect, practice and the result shows that the design of the large area of green space than the corner of the garden will not little more easy to use and is more the favour of people. Therefore, I think whether it can be introduced into the vegetation covera
36、ge and have a rest for the two indexes rate.I put the vegetation coverage defined as a descriptive index, divided into several levels:Level 1 cover: plot should have more than 80% covered by plants, has the good ecological environment and natural landscape to give priority to.Level 2 cover: vegetati
37、on should cover plot larger area, rich natural landscape.Level 3 cover: vegetation shall cover the area of the plot must, natural landscape and man-made landscape organic integration.Level 4 cover: should cover a land area of vegetation, have the natural landscape.Category five cover: allow only a f
38、ew blocks vegetation, poor quality.Six levels of coverage: plot allowed no vegetation coverage.Of course, the classification too rough words also not enough precision, the author want to express mean we can use such a descriptive have certain elasticity index to achieve the most basic we want to con
39、trol the content, is to feel the plot must reach the standard of the landscape and environment of the most basic control.Open space rate this concept and vegetation coverage do overlap, that is some green space can be as open space, but not all green space is open space, on the other hand has a few
40、chairs of the rigid to shop also can serve as open space, on the whole, the index is to control the size of the public space in the plot and decide. People think this index should be made by the number of people planning to plot for standards, such as every 10 people 1 square meters of open space. I
41、n planning management, the index can be used as a mandatory index execution, forced developers or development unit must keep open space.People think that the two indexes, from two different sides of the control plot development, and to ensure the plot of the most basic environment, landscape and hum
42、anistic requirements. Can the rate is more accurate and together and effective control of the construction of the plot.（3） Cubage to measure and more economic index associatedFARis the most important regulatory index, because it directly control the plot development intensity, related to the governm
43、ent, the developers of the interests of all parties, and so on, so also became the regulatory planning control in the process of the most important entrust unit indexes, and planning modification of the modified most index, and is commonly by small to big change, this caused the city is all put a pa
44、ir of the development of the high density anyway.In the process of the regulatory planning control now, cubage to determine the through the plot model usually layout simulation, experience the accumulation of data on the local construction induction and investigated the situation of the contrast tha
45、t way, and so on. The method has its shortcomings and at the same time, there are also some limitations. Control indexes of the current form to determine layout simulation method, through the test do form the planning and design of the layout, the space layout and capacity of research in the right s
46、olution, and then add in the society, economy and other factor assessment, the classified clear control index. Its advantage is vivid, intuitive is strong, to study the structure and layout of favorable environment space, easy to master; And defects in the workload big and a big limitation and subje
47、ctivity.Experience summarizing statistics, is already planning and have put in all sorts of planning and layout forms of plot technical and economic indexes statistical analysis, this paper summarizes the experience that index data, and will promote the use of it. The advantages of this method is mo
48、re accurate and reliable, the disadvantage is that these experience index can be applied to only with the original summarizes situation similar places, such as a new situation is difficult to grasp. And, experience index scientific and rational often depends on the statistical data of universality a
49、nd authenticity.Investigation and analysis of the correlation method, is to present situation through thoroughly, extensive survey, in order to understand the status of some index of the and these indexes in the different location, the difference between the plot, draw some reference index data, and then compared with planning objectives, based on the existing planning conditions and urban development level, set a reasonable control index. T
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