1、英文翻译 英文文献：The application prospects of wireless communication technology in the grid communicationTechnical Analysis of the thesis Keywords wireless; grid communication;Abstract With the rapid development of modern science and technology to build the perfect strong and reliable communications networ
2、k, has become increasingly important. The articles combine the characteristics and needs of the electric power communications and wireless features of the new technology, analyze the application prospects of wireless communication technology in the power grid communications.First, an overviewElectri
3、c power communication network is run in order to ensure the security and stability of power system came into being. With the power system security and stability control systems, dispatching automation system is collectively known as the power system security and stability of the three pillars. China
4、s electric power communication network through the construction of several decades of ups and downs, has begun to take shape, build and become interchange communication network via satellite, microwave, carrier, cable and other means of communication. With the development of wireless communication t
5、echnology, wireless communication system characteristics change dramatically. In recognition of the wireless communication network is not dependent on the grid grid, and strong resistance to natural disasters, but also has large bandwidth and transmission distance, non-line-of-sight transmission, et
6、c., is very suitable to make up for the communication of single coverage incomplete surface defects . This paper briefly describes the application characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of wireless communications transmission system, and analyze the prospects of its application in power syste
7、m. Complete network transmission system based on the future development trend of the sensor network towards the network to further improve the technology - the application of the sensor network technology and network support. Promote the application of sensor networks from the perspective of the man
8、ufacturing of sensor node hardware platform, network application technology development to real-world applications into; network support techniques include positioning technologies, synchronization technology, security technology, within the network information processing technology, to network perf
9、ormance enhance the main objective to improve overall network quality of service and intelligent.Within the network, information processing technology is designed packaging further integration of the original data collection, information processing and computing migrate to within the sensor network,
10、 which simplifies the equipment requirements on the client, the user side can be perceived to use more low-end and simple equipment read and apply information. Network information processing technology allows the sensor network has a more advanced, better information processing capabilities, availab
11、le to the users perception of the information will be easier to understand.Second, the wireless technology introduced(A) the concept of wireless communication technologyCurrently, wireless communications and its applications has become one of the most active areas of research in the information scie
12、nce and technology today. The general by the wireless base stations, wireless terminal and application server.(B) the development status of wireless communication technologyWireless communications technology in accordance with the transmission distance can be roughly divided into the following four
13、technology based on IEEE802.15 wireless personal area network (WPAN), wireless metropolitan area network based on IEEE802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) based on the IEEE802.16 ( WMAN) and IEEE802.20-based wireless WAN (WWAN).Overall, the representatives of the long-distance wireless access t
14、echnologies: GSM, GPRS, 3G; on behalf of the short-range wireless access technologies, including: WLAN, UWB. Can be divided in accordance with the mobility of mobile access and fixed access. Fixed wireless access technology: 3.5GHz wireless access (MMDS), Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS)
15、, 802.16d; mobile wireless access technologies including: 802.15 of WPANs, 802.11 WLAN, 802.16 e WiMAX, 802.20 WWAN. In accordance with the bandwidth can be divided into narrow-band wireless access and broadband wireless access. Representatives of which broadband wireless access technologies 3G, LMD
16、S, WiMAX; narrow-band wireless access technology on behalf of first-and second-generation cellular mobile communication system.A major wireless communications technologyFrom technology trends can be seen as the core of the OFDM + MIMO wireless communications technology will become the mainstream of
17、the development direction of future wireless communications. The current wireless communications technology based on this technology are: four kinds of B3G, WiMAX, WiFi, of WMN and other technologies.Other wireless communications technologyIn addition to the mainstream wireless communications techno
18、logy, wireless communication technology also includes: IrDA, Bluetooth, the RFID, UWB, cluster communications, and other short-range communications technology and on LMDS, MMDS, and point-to-point microwave, satellite communications, long distance communication technology.(1) the IrDA: Infrared Data
19、 Association, is a point-to-point data transfer protocol, the communication distance is generally between 0 1m, the fastest transfer rates up to 16Mbps, the communication medium for the near-infrared wavelengths around 900 nm.(2) Bluetooth: Bluetooth in the global open 2.4GHzISM band using frequency
20、 hopping spread spectrum technology, the communication medium of electromagnetic waves from 2.402GHz to 2.480GHz.(3) of RFID: Radio Frequency Identification, ie, radio frequency identification, commonly known as labels. It is a non-contact automatic identification technology, automatic target recogn
21、ition by the RF signal and access to relevant data. RFID tags, Interpretation of three basic elements, and antenna.(4) the UWB: Ultra Wideband, Ultra-Wideband technology. UWB communication is also known as carrier-free baseband communications, and is almost fully digital communications systems, RF a
22、nd microwave devices need very little, so you can reduce the complexity of the system, reducingThe merits of wireless technology(A) WLAN technologyWi-Fi technologies and products are already quite mature, and mass production. The technology for the wireless LAN as an extension of wired networks, bro
23、adband applications for the particular location, even though the Wi-Fi technology is widely used, but it is still in the security there is a certain security risk, the Wi-Fi uses a radio frequency (RF ) through the air to send and receive data. Since wireless networks use radio waves to transmit dat
24、a signals, are very vulnerable to attacks from outside hackers can easily steal data within the coverage of the waves and even into the unprotected internal LAN.(B) analysis of WiMaxWiMax is a state-of-the-art technology, the introduction of relatively late, there are small frequency reuse, the use
25、of the problem of low, but only recently standardized, large-scale promotion of the technology also need to practice the test. From the application prospects of the technology can meet online in a wide range of requirements, coverage can include outdoor and indoor, can be a large area of coverage, o
26、r even a small number of base stations can be achieved throughout the city coverage. WiMax due to its advanced technology and ultra-long transmission distance, has been the industry optimistic about the future direction of development of mobile technologies, and provides excellent last mile Internet
27、 access services.(C) of WMN technologyWMN is being studied in the technology, combined with the characteristics of the various technologies continue to study different aspects of integration and not a mature product line to support large-scale application of this technology. The application prospect
28、s of WMN in this emerging network not only has a broad application space for wireless broadband access in other areas such as the combination of data, the image acquisition module can monitor or data acquisition of the target object, and is widely applied to detect and other fields. With the other t
29、echnology is constantly updated sound of WMN better with integration of complementary, so as to be able to exceed and play their respective advantages.(D) 3G technical analysis3G 1996 standards, 2000 to complete the upper-layer protocols, including the complete formulation of standards. 3G network d
30、eployment with considerable practical experience, theory of a complete sets of building a network, including network link budget, the model budget and simulation. From the commercial prospects of 3G in some areas has been a large-scale commercial applications, such as many European countries, Japan,
31、 Korea and so on have been building a 3G network. 3G technology has entered the practical stage, there are many countries and regions are under construction or will be building a 3G network.(5) on LMDS technical analysisLocal Multipoint Distribution business systems, LMDS is a point-to-multipoint fi
32、xed broadband wireless access technology, its operating frequency to 20 GHz above, the use of millimeter-wave transmission, within a certain range of digital duplex voice, data, Internet and video services, it is a very good broadband fixed wireless access solutions. In the optimal case, the distanc
33、e up to 8 km; However, due to rainfall because the distance is usually limited to 1.5 km.Works sector or base station equipment to the ATM backbone network baseband information modulated RF signal transmitted out CPE in its coverage area to receive and RF signal to restore ATM base band signal, with
34、out the need for Each user specifically laying fiber or copper, to achieve bi-directional symmetrical high-bandwidth wireless transmission.(6) MMDS, technical analysisMMDS The main drawback is blocking the signal quality is vulnerable to changes in the weather, the available frequency band is not wi
35、de enough, no more than 200MHz. Second, MMDS is very strict requirements on the transmission path. The modulation technique used by MMDS phase shift keying PSK, (including BPSK, DQPSK, QPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation QAM modulation technique, and can not do the non-line-of-sight transmissi
36、on is difficult to promote the use of complex urban environment. In addition, MMDS is no uniform international standards, the manufacturers of the equipment compatibility issues.(G) trunking technologyDigital trunking system has many advantages, its spectral efficiency has greatly improved, can furt
37、her improve the user capacity of the cluster system; it increases the ability to signal anti-fading channel, changed for the better quality of wireless transmission; developed digital encryption theory and practical techniques for digital systems, confidentiality, have greatly improved.Digital trunk
38、ing mobile communication system provides multi-service, that is in addition to the digital voice signal, but also can transmit digital, image information. Transmission within the network is a unified digital signal, therefore greatly improve the service functions of the cluster network.(H) point-to-
39、point microwave technologyThe main advantage of microwave transmission in the following aspects: First, it can reduce the operators operations. Compared to leased lines, microwave systems, as long as a year or so can be recovered. Second, the microwave transmission system deployment simple and fast.
40、 Compared with the traditional means of transmission, the advantages of rapid deployment to meet the needs of the development of new business. Third, the current microwave products for the future development is to protect, for new business and new demands of the operators can give good support. The
41、future, the microwave transmission system will be upgraded to all-IP platform, can fully support the future development of the operators.(Ix) satellite communications technologyThe use of satellite with terrestrial communications in some not very densely populated areas. Scattered in these areas, bu
42、t not intensive users of a wider scope, you can use the satellite as a user connected to the fixed wireline network access facilities. Terrestrial communications network constitutes a broadband multimedia communications network, using the satellite into a broadband satellite access system is relativ
43、ely good and realistic program, and reliable.Satellite communications, after all, the construction of the satellite as a communications platform, the ground station, the communication channel rental costs need to spend a lot of money, and communication resources for the satellite communications comp
44、any, by its bandwidth limit, the transmission of large amounts of data need to pay a very high price. Therefore, as the daily production, the life use is extremely uneconomical; and satellite communications are more suitable as emergency communications, combat communications, overseas communications
45、.(1)IntroductionFour after the 17th century discovered how to generate electricity with a metal wire transfer of power. Today, for the power grid, power lines around the world every corner. Work and life, more and more electrical appliances brought us great convenience at the same time, knew the pow
46、er cord of a variety of disarray troubled by the data line is also increasing. However, all these years of technological development, the growing popularity of wireless data transmission technology, scientists have a great breakthrough in wireless power transmission (Wireless Power Transmission WPT)
47、, a sense, the wireless power transmission is no longer a fantasy - get rid of the chaos of the power cord has become possible in the future life.(2) the history of the development of wireless power transmissionIn the late 19th century known as usher in the power era of genius. Mingnigula Tesla (Nik
48、ola Tesla ,1856-1943) made outstanding contributions to electrical and radio technology. 1881 he discovered the rotating magnetic field principle, and for the manufacture of induction motor; the 1888 invention of multi-phase AC transmission and distribution system; made from 1889-1890 Hz oscillator;
49、 1891 invention of high-frequency transformer (Tesla Coil) are still widely used in radio, TV and other electronic equipment. He has committed to research wireless transmission of signals and the possibility of energy in 1899 without wires using high-frequency current of the motor, but due to low efficiency and the security concerns of wireless power transmission technology breakthrough 1. 1901-1905 years, built in the vicinity of New Yorks Long Island Wardenclyffe
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