国际音标教学.ppt

1、Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1国际音标-Jul9th,20102音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。7.开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shine b)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed

2、,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map b)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。Jul9th,20103v元音和辅音的定义：v发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。v不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。v发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。v发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。Jul9th,201041.音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中间。2.音标没有书写体，也没有大小

3、写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度。Jul9th,20105Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm6Part1:认识认识26个字母并了解其发音，个字母并了解其发音，5个元音，个元音，21个辅音。个辅音。Part2:认识认识48个国际音标，个国际音标，20个元音（个元音（12个单元音，个单元音，8个双个双元音），元音），28个辅音（其中有个辅音（其中有10对兄弟对兄弟-一清一浊一清一浊，8个单个辅个单个辅音）；知道什么是音标以及音标的符号。音）；知道什么是音标以及音标的符号。音标的作用音标的作用?课程安排课程安排:Lesson1-认识认识26个英文

4、字母和个英文字母和48个国际音标个国际音标相当于汉语中的拼音，方便识字。相当于汉语中的拼音，方便识字。Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm7AaeiBbbi:Ccsi:Dddi:Eei:FfefGgd3i:HheitIiaiJjd3eiKkkeiLlelMmemNnenOouPppi:Qqkju:Rr:SsesTtti:Uuju:Vvvi:Wwd blju:XxeksYywaiZzzi:zedPart1-认识认识26个英文字母及其发音个英文字母及其发音美音元音字母Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm8Part2-认识认识48个

5、国际音标个国际音标单元音单元音(12个)：/i:/e/:/:/:/u:/双元音双元音(8个)：/e/a/a/e/辅音辅音(10对20个：清浊)：/p/&/b/;/t/&/d/;/k/&/g/;/f/&/v/s/&/z/;/&/;/&/;/t/&/d/;/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/辅音辅音（单个8个）/m/n/h/r/j/w/;也称半元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm9Part1:学习前学习前1-4号单元音号单元音单元音：/i:/e/。Part2:学习前学习前3对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅

6、音的区别。和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/p/&/b/;/t/&/d/;/k/&/g/。学习掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关学习掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；的例词；课程安排课程安排:Lesson2学习学习4个单元音和个单元音和6个辅音音标个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm10学习音标之前先来搞清楚发音的部位：1./i:/eesee/si:/beef/bi:f/tree/tri:/green/gri:n/eaeat/i:t/sea/si:/tea/ti:/please/pli:z/iechief/ti:f/fi

7、eld/fi:ld/piece/pi:s/thief/i:f/ehe/hi:/she/i:/we/wi:/these/i:z/2./ibig/bg/it/t/kid/kd/pig/pig/以y/ey结尾twenty/twenti/monkey/mki/money/mni/3./e/ehen/hen/egg/eg/red/red/pen/pen/eahead/hed/ready/redi/bread/bred/breakfast/brekfst/4./abag/bg/cap/kp/can/kn/fat/ft/前4号元音的发音特点是：声带振动，嘴型越来越大。Part1学习前学习前4号单元音音标号单

8、元音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm111./p/p清辅音pig/pig/cap/kp/park/p:k/b/b浊辅音bag/bg/bee/bi:/boy/b/2./t/t清辅音it/t/tiger/tag/table/teibl/d/d浊辅音dog/dg/desk/desk/door/d:/3./k/c/ck/k清辅音week/wi:k/cat/kt/cock/kk/g/g浊辅音bag/bg/good/gd/green/gri:n/Part2学习前学习前3对辅音音标对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm12P

9、art1:学习学习5-10号单元音号单元音单元音:/:/:/u:/。Part2:学习另学习另3对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。浊辅音的区别。辅音：/f/&/v/;/s/&/z/;/&/。掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排课程安排:Lesson3学习学习6个单元音和个单元音和6个辅音音标个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm135./:/aclass/kl:s/father/f:/pass/p:s/v

10、ase/v:z/arcar/k:/card/k:d/park/p:k/party/p:ti/6./ubus/bs/cup/kp/duck/dk/ocome/km/some/sm/mother/m/outouch/tt/young/j/country/ktri/7./odog/dg/not/nt/cock/kk/shop/p/awant/wnt/wash/w/what/wt/Part15-10号单元音号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm148./:/aall/:l/ball/b:l/call/k:l/tall/:l/alchalk/t:k/walk/w:

11、k/talk/t:k/orfork/f:k/horse/h:s/sword/s:d/aucause/k:z/pause/p:z/fault/f:lt/awdraw/dr:/law/l:/hawk/h:k/9./ulook/lk/put/pt/pull/pl/sugar/g/oobook/bk/cook/kk/good/gd/look/lk/10./u:/oocool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/ousoup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/ru:/uijuice/du:s/fruit/fru:t/ublue/blu:/glue/gl

12、u:/5-10号元音的发音特点是：声带振动Part15-10号单元音号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm154./f/f清辅音farm/f:m/five/fav/fire/fa/knife/naf/ph清辅音phone/fn/photo/ft/v/v浊辅音five/fav/vase/v:z/drive/drav/very/veri/5./s/c清辅音face/fes/ice/as/nice/nas/rice/ras/s清辅音see/si:/sit/sit/sew/s/study/stdi/z/s浊辅音vase/v:z/please/pli:z/easy

13、/i:zi/z浊辅音zip/zip/zoo/zu:/zebra/zebr/zero/zr/6./th清辅音math/m/month/mn/mouth/ma/th浊辅音this/is/that/t/those/z/these/i:z/Part2学习另学习另3对辅音音标对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm16Part1:学习学习11-12号单元音号单元音单元音:/:/学习学习18-20号双元音号双元音双元音：/e/Part2:学习另学习另2对辅音对辅音+3个单独辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，个单独辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。分清清

14、辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/&/;/t/&/d/;/m/n/掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排课程安排:Lesson4学习学习2个单个单&3双元音和双元音和7个辅音音标个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1711./:/erher/h:/term/t:m/irbird/b:d/girl/g:l/skirt/sk:t/first/f:st/orword/w:d/work/w:k/urnurse/n:s/fur/f:/12./aabout/baut/sofa/suf

15、/China/tain/eopen/upn/travel/trvl/ordoctor/dkt/actor/kt/erteacher/ti:t/farmer/fa:m/driver/drav/mother/m/Part1学习学习11-12号单元音号单元音18-20号双元音号双元音职业的结尾or或erJul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1818./earear/dear/d/hear/h/tear/t/eerbeer/b/deer/d/19./e/airair/e/chair/te/hair/he/pair/pe/arecare/ke/dare/de/share/

16、e/earbear/be/pear/pe/20./oorpoor/p/tour/t/uresure/assure/Part1学习学习11-12号单元音号单元音18-20号双元音号双元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm197./sh清辅音fish/f/ship/p/shoes/u:z/wish/wi/s清辅音sure/s浊辅音measure/me/pleasure/ple/8./t/ch清辅音chess/tes/child/tald/chick/tk/d/g浊辅音age/ed/magic/mdk/page/ped/j浊辅音jam/dm/jeep/di:p/j

17、ump/dmp/26./m/m浊辅音math/m/month/mn/mouth/ma/27./n/n浊辅音no/n/number/nmb/knee/ni:/nine/nan/28./ng浊辅音morning/m:n/sleeping/sli:pi/Part2学习另学习另2对辅音对辅音+3个单独辅音个单独辅音26/27/28为鼻辅音为鼻辅音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm20Part1:学习学习13-17号双元音音标号双元音音标双元音：/e/a/a/Part2:学习另学习另2对辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅对辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅

18、音和浊辅音的区别。音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排课程安排:Lesson5学习学习5双元音和双元音和2对辅音音标对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm2113./e/acake/kek/game/gem/plane/plen/take/tek/plate/plet/wake/wek/snake/snek/14./odont/dnt/go/g/old/ld/rose/rz/so/s/oaboat/bt/

19、coat/kt/road/rd/soap/sp/owblow/bl/show/know/n/snow/sn/Part1学习学习13-17号双元音音标号双元音音标在以辅音字母+e结尾的开音节中Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm2215./a/iI/a/bike/bak/drive/drav/ice/as/knife/naf/ycry/krai/fly/flai/my/mai/try/trai/sky/skai/uybuy/ba/guy/ga/等其他不规则:eye/a/16./a/oublouse/blaz/mouth/ma/south/sa/owcow/ka/

20、flower/flau/how/ha/now/na/17./oyboy/b/soy/s/toy/t/oicoin/kn/noise/nz/voice/vs/point/pnt/Part1学习学习13-17号双元音音标号双元音音标在以辅音字母+e结尾的开音节中Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm239./tr/tr清辅音tree/tri:/train/tren/truck/trk/true/tru:/dr/dr浊辅音drive/drav/dragon/drgn/draw/dr:/10./ts/ts清辅音boats/bts/coats/kts/cats/kts/g

21、ates/gets/dz/ds浊辅音beds/bedz/birds/b:dz/hands/hndz/Part2学习另学习另2对辅音音标对辅音音标通常在单词的开头通常在以t或者te结尾的单词+s通常在以d结尾的单词+sJul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm24Part1:学习最后的学习最后的5个辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，认识个辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，认识半元音半元音。并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；。并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；辅音：/h/r/j/w/Part2:练习和复习所学过的练习和复习所学过的48个音标；个音标；要求：能够认

22、识、读出并且会写所有的音标。要求：能够认识、读出并且会写所有的音标。课程安排课程安排:Lesson6学习最后学习最后5个辅音音标个辅音音标这2个也称半元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm2521./l浊辅音late/let/leg/leg/look/luk/love/lv/22./h/h清辅音hat/ht/hand/hnd/her/h:/how/ha/wh清辅音who/hu:/whole/hl/whom/hu:m/whose/hu:z/23./r/r浊辅音red/red/rice/ras/rose/rz/room/ru:m/24./j/y浊辅音（半元音）y

23、ard/j:d/yes/jes/yellow/jel/you/ju:/25./w/w浊辅音（半元音）we/wi:/wall/w:l/wait/wet/window/wnd/whwhat/wt/where/we/white/wat/why/wa/Part2学习最后的学习最后的5个辅音音标个辅音音标Jul9th,201026？Ask and answer:今天你学到了什么今天你学到了什么Jul9th,201027？考考你：请读出下列单词：请读出下列单词：请读出下列单词：请读出下列单词：1.Independent1.Independent2.Maths2.Maths3.Throat3.Throat3

24、.Treasure3.Treasure5.Drawer5.Drawer6.Wheat6.Wheat7.Yogurt7.Yogurt8.Neighborhood8.Neighborhood9.Ski 9.Ski 10.Revolutionary10.RevolutionaryJul9th,2010281.Independent1.Independent,indipendnt10.Revolutionary10.Revolutionary,revlu:nri在接下来的培训中，我们会学到语音的基本常识，你们的课后作业是：请思考：1.什么叫音节的划分？2.什么是重读？3.什么是音节的浊化？4.定冠词the的读音变化有什么？5.什么是不完全爆破？6.什么是连读？7.什么是意群的停顿？Jul9th,201029Goodbye！希望我们每个人每天都希望我们每个人每天都有新的进步，加油！有新的进步，加油！Thankyouforyourattention!