我国磷矿资源开发利用趋势分析与展望.doc

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1、Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer【论 坛】我国磷矿资源开发利用趋势分析与展望刘建雄(贵州开磷集团有限责任公司,贵州 贵阳 550002)摘 要对我国磷矿资源及开发利用现状作了总体描述,对未来开发利用趋势进行了分析预测,对转变磷矿资源开发利用方式提出了相关政策建议和意见我国磷资源正以惊人速度“消失”,远景资源形势不容乐观我国磷肥工业50年发展,经历了开发矿业的第一次创业和发展磷化工的第二次创业,面对行业产能过剩关税限制双重压力,我国磷肥工业将坚定迈出发展精细磷化工的第三次创业步伐精细化集群化循环化高端化将主导磷及磷化工产业发展的未来关键词磷矿资源;开发利用趋势;发展

2、精细磷化工中图分类号TD985 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0001-04The analysis and prospect on the trend of exploitation and application of Chinas phosphorus resourceLIU Jian-xiong(Kailin Group Co.，Ltd， Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)Abstract：The status of phosphorus resource and its exploitation and application i

3、n China are described. The future trend is also analyzed and predicted，further the correlative policies and suggestions how to convert the style of exploitation are presented. The Chinas phosphorus resource is decreasing rapidly and far-seeing resource is not optimistic. In the past 50 years of phos

4、phate fertilizer industry with the first cause for mine exploitation and second cause for phosphorus chemical industry，the third cause for refined phosphorus chemical industry will confirmedly start up，against the double pressures of superfluous output and tariff limitation. The future phosphate and

5、 phosphorus chemical industry will be lead with the refined，centralized，circular and advanced characteristics.Key words：phosphorus resource;trend of exploitation and application;development for refined phosphorus chemical industry我国钾盐产业及市场需求运行情况中国无机盐工业协会钾盐行业分会(中国无机盐工业协会 钾盐行业分会,上海 200136)摘 要从我国的钾盐产业政

6、策,钾资源,钾盐的科研生产,近年的钾盐产量消耗量与剩余结转库存量,总结我国钾盐产业运行情况指出我国正合理引导开发利用钾盐资源;2009年不用进口钾盐即可满足国内需求;中远期我国钾盐对外依存度应降到30%;构建我国钾肥的稳定供应体系,打破垄断格局关键词中国钾盐产业;市场需求;钾资源;钾盐生产;钾盐消费中图分类号TQ443 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0005-03Chinas potash industry and market demandPotash Sub-Association,China Inorganic Salts Industry Associat

7、ion(Potash Sub-Association,China Inorganic Salts Industry Association,Shanghai 200136,China)Abstract：Chinas potash industry is examined in its industrial policy,resources,research & development,production,as well as recent yields,consumption and extant storage. A few conclusions are presented that t

8、he government is leading a reasonable guide in potash development and utilization;in 2009, Chinas potash import is unnecessary;in the middle and long period, Chinas dependence upon potash import should be lowered to 30% and a steady potash supply system will be established.Key words：Chinas potash in

9、dustry;market demand;potash resource;potash production;potash consumption缓/控释BB肥是我国缓/控释肥料的发展方向张夫道,王玉军(中国农业科学院 土壤肥料研究所,北京 100081)摘 要分析了树脂和硫磺包裹尿素缓释肥料发展缓慢的原因和弊端,提出以水溶性聚合物作为尿素和复混肥料的包膜胶结和内质缓释剂,具有降解快对作物无害改善土壤结构成本低等特点,将促进缓释肥料的发展采用生产不同时间段释放养分的缓释肥,按作物不同生育期对养分的需求比例掺混在一起,生产作物专用的缓/控释BB肥料简单易行,应是我国缓/控释肥料的发展方向关键词缓

10、释剂;水溶性聚合物;缓/控释BB肥;发展方向中图分类号TQ449+.1 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0008-03Slow/controlled release BB fertilizerthe developing direction of Chinas compound fertilizerZHANG Fu-dao，WANG Yu-jun(Institute of Soils and Fertilizers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081,China)Abstract：The

11、reasons about the slow development and disadvantages of resin and sulphur coated urea are analyzed. Taking water-soluble polymer as the coating,cementing and endoplasm material for urea and compound fertilizer,it has fast rate of degradation,harmless for crops,improving the structure of soil,low cos

12、t,etc;and it will promote the development of controlled release fertilizer. The production of crop specific controlled release BB fertilizer is simple and easy to do by mixing different nutrient-lapsed time fertilizers according the different nutrient demand ratio of crops;it should be the developin

13、g direction of compound fertilizer in China.Key words：sustained-release agent;water-soluble polymer;controlled release BB fertilizer; developing direction重视磷石膏的综合利用 促进磷肥工业可持续发展张永志(中国磷肥工业协会,北京 100011)摘 要根据我国磷肥工业发展情况及其副产磷石膏现状,阐述了磷石膏的利用途径和处置方法,提出了今后磷石膏综合利用的工作重点及建议关键词磷肥工业;磷石膏;综合利用;可持续发展中图分类号X781 文献标识码A

14、文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0011-03Attach importance to comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum and promote the sustainable development of phosphate fertilizer industryZHANG Yong-zhi(China Phosphate Fertilizer Industry Association,Beijing 100011,China)Abstract：Based on the development of Chinas phosph

15、ate fertilizer industry and the current status of by-product phosphogypsum,the utilization of phosphogypsum and its treatment are described,the working points and suggestions for comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum in future are presented.Key words：phosphate fertilizer industry;phosphogypsum;

16、comprehensive utilization;sustainable development我国复合肥发展现状及存在的问题张卫峰,李亮科,陈新平,张福锁(中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 中化化肥农大研发中心,北京 100094)摘 要通过分析发现我国复合肥中等养分配比(15-15-15)的通用型产品仍是主流,其市场占有率达到54%,而专用型复合肥约占46%,大型企业仍以生产养分含量大于40%的高浓度产品为主目前这种高浓度一次性基施通用型复合肥的发展现状已与实际需求不符,土壤养分大量累积肥料价格高昂等新形势需要精确的综合管理养分应该根据土壤养分测试结果开发专用配方复合肥,发展特定作物特定生育

17、期的系列专用型复合肥关键词中国;复合肥;氮磷钾比例中图分类号TQ444 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0014-03The present status and existing problems in Chinas compound fertilizer developmentZHANG Wei-feng,LI Liang-ke,CHEN Xin-ping,ZHANG Fu-suo(SINOCHEM-CAU Fertilizer R&D Center,College of Resources and Environmental Science,China Agr

18、icultural University,Beijing 100094,China)Abstract：With 54% market share,common type product(15-15-15)of compound fertilizer in China is still main variety,compared with 46% market share of special type of compound fertilizer. Meanwhile high-analysis product of compound fertilizer is also with beyon

19、d 40% nutrient contents. Above-mentioned status of compound fertilizer development with high-analysis,once base fertilizer only and common type results in the deviations of real demand,both the huge amount of accumulated nutrients in soil and high price of compound fertilizer needs accurate manageme

20、nt of comprehensive nutrients,a series of special type of compound fertilizers should be developed based on the soil test for proper crops in some a growth period.Key words：China;compound fertilizer;proportion of NPK【研究与开发】磷矿资源加工研究进展：3.对低品位磷矿中高铁铝杂质的钝化刘代俊,杨 军,江成发,陈 伟(四川大学 化工学院 四川省磷化学与工程重点实验室,四川 成都 61

21、0065)摘 要介绍采用高铁铝中低品位磷矿获得较高质量磷酸的新工艺对酸解过程加入钝化剂,磷矿中铁铝杂质矿物表面形成致密膜,阻碍铁铝杂质在液相中的溶出,以实现对铁铝杂质的抑制对于新的两段法二水流程铁铝的浸出率可低于20%,对于普通二水工艺铁铝浸出率约25%,磷的浸出率仍可保持在90%以上该法对于中低品位高铁铝杂质磷矿具有较好的应用价值关键词低品位磷矿;高铁铝杂质;湿法磷酸;钝化;浸出率中图分类号TQ 126.3+5;TD 985 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0017-02Research progress of phosphate resource process

22、ing：3. Study on the passivation of iron and aluminum impurities in medium and low grade phosphate rockLIU Dai-jun,YANG Jun,JIANG Cheng-fa,CHEN Wei(Sichuan Key Laboratory of Phosphorus and Engineering,School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065,China)Abstract：A new techno

23、logy for obtaining high quality phosphoric acid from medium and low grade phosphate rocks with high iron and aluminum content is developed. The dense membranes at the surface of sesquioxide impurities including iron and aluminum compounds of the rock particles are formed by adding passivating agent

24、so as to hinder sesquioxide impurities dissolving to liquid phase，which results in control to impurities in phosphoric acid. For the new two section diahydrate process,the results show that the solubility of the sesquioxide in liquid phase is lowered to 20%,compared with the 25% of the traditional d

25、iahydrate process. However,extraction fraction of the phosphate rock still keeps in more than 90%. The technology will have better application for medium and low grade phosphate rock with the higher contents of iron and aluminum impurities.Key words：low grade phosphate rock;high iron and aluminum im

26、purities;wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA);passivation;extraction fraction高纯磷酸生产工艺及展望刘 飞1,李天祥1,2,解 田1,李白玉1(1. 瓮福(集团)有限责任公司 技术开发中心,贵州 福泉 550501;2. 贵州大学 化工学院,贵州 贵阳 550003)摘 要高纯磷酸作为一种高附加值的精细磷化工产品,受到生产商的广泛重视早期,高纯磷酸以黄磷为原料生产近年来,随着国内外黄磷价格的快速增长,国内外对高纯磷酸的生产新方法作了大量的研究本文就高纯磷酸的生产工艺市场展望作一评述,并介绍瓮福(集团)技术开发中心以工业级或食品

27、级磷酸为原料,通过结晶净化法制得高纯磷酸产品,2007年建一中试装置,年产20t高纯磷酸关键词高纯磷酸;生产工艺;市场展望中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0019-02Process for production of high-purity phosphoric acid & its prospectLIU Fei1,LI Tian-xiang1,2,XIE Tian1,LI Bai-yu1(1.Center for Technical Development,Wengfu (Group) Co.,Ltd,Fuquan,Guizhou

28、 550501,China;2.School of Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,China)Abstract：As a high added-value fine phosphorus chemical product,high-purity phosphoric acid is greatly drawn attention of manufacturers. In an early stage of production,yellow phosphorus is used as raw mat

29、erial for production of high-purity phosphoric acid. During recent years,new processing technology has been developed extensively at home and abroad with the increasing rapidly price of yellow phosphorus. Some reviews on production technology and market prospect are given. A new technology for produ

30、ction of high-purity phosphorus products is decribed through crystallization purification based on industrial grade or food-grade phosphoric acid raw materials,developed in Center for Technical Development,Wengfu (Group) Co. Ltd. A 20 t/a high-purity phosphoric acid pilot-plant was established in 20

31、07.Key words：high-purity phosphoric acid;technology;market prospect工业磷酸用氯化钠硅酸钠脱氟的实验研究何之华,汪继清,杨文赋(云南省有色地质三六队,云南 昆明 650216)摘 要实验研究用氯化钠和硅酸钠两种除氟剂脱除磷酸中氟的最佳配比及适宜加入量;除氟反应时间,沉降时间的选择;磷酸浓度对除氟效果的影响并将实验研究成果应用于饲料磷酸氢钙的工业生产中,取得成功关键词工业磷酸;除氟;氯化钠;硅酸钠;饲料磷酸盐中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0021-03Experiment

32、al study for defluorination of industrial phosphoric acid with sodiumchloride and silicateHE Zhi-hua,WANG Ji-qing,YANG Wen-fu(Yunnan Nonferrous Geology Team No.306,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China)Abstract：On experimental study for defluorination of the phosphoric acid by using two removal agents both so

33、dium chloride and sodium silicate,the optimum ratios and the appropriate adding amounts of two removal agents,the determination of the reaction time and settlement time of defluorination,and the influence of the phosphoric acid concentration on the defluorination are experimentally researched. The r

34、esults are successfully used in the industrial production of feed grade dicalcium phosphate.Key words：industrial phosphoric acid;defluorination;sodium chloride;sodium silicate;feed grade phosphate无机助剂对钾长石磷石膏和碳酸钙体系分解温度的影响周亮亮,张召述,夏举佩,谭艳霞,连明磊(昆明理工大学 化学工程学院,云南 昆明 650224)摘 要以钾长石磷石膏和碳酸钙作为原料,配料摩尔比例按照n(KAlS

35、i3O8)n(CaSO42H2O)n(CaCO3)= 216,并利用DTA差热分析仪,研究了几种无机助剂对钾长石磷石膏和碳酸钙反应体系分解温度的影响研究结果表明,NaF对该体系有积极作用关键词钾长石;磷石膏;碳酸钙;分解温度;无机助剂中图分类号TD 989;X 786 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0024-02The effect of inorganic aids on the decomposition temperature of system consisting of potash feldspar phosphogypsum and calcium

36、carbonateZHOU Liang-liang,ZHANG Zhao-shu,XIA Ju-pei,TAN Yan-xia,LIAN Ming-lei(School of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)Abstract：On the raw material system consisting of potassium feldspar,phosphogypsum and calcium carbonate with the mole

37、 proportion n(KAlSi3O8)n(CaSO42H2O)n(CaCO3)= 216,the effects of several inorganic aids on the above-mentioned system decomposition temperatures are studied by using differential thermal analyzer (DTA). The results show that NaF has a positive role.Key words：potash feldspar;phosphogypsum;calcium carb

38、onate;decomposition temperature;inorganic aid【磷酸 磷铵】湿法磷酸生产中助剂的应用现状韦昌桃1,明大增2,李志祥2,王智娟1(1.昆明理工大学 化学工程学院,云南 昆明 650224;2.云南云天化国际化工股份有限公司,云南 昆明 650113)摘 要综述湿法磷酸生产过程中在萃取浓缩和净化各工序添加助剂的应用现状,重点介绍结晶改性剂消泡剂助滤剂结垢分散剂浓缩助剂絮凝剂等助剂在磷酸生产的应用情况关键词湿法磷酸;助剂;应用情况中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0026-04Development

39、and application status of aids in production of WPAWEI Chang-tao1,MING Da-zeng2,LI Zhi-xiang2,WANG Zhi-juan1(1.School of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;2.Yunnan Yuntianhua International Chemical Co.，Ltd,Kunming,Yunnan 650113,China）Abstra

40、ct：The application of aids in the extraction,concentration,purification sections of WPA production are reviewed,focusing on crystal improvers,defoamers,filter aids,scale dispersants,concentration aids and flocculants aids.Key words：wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA);aid;application status湿法磷酸中继沉淀盐的组成与

41、防治王永贵,朱志华,陈 坦,于筛成(华东理工大学 化工学院,上海 200237)摘 要由于高品位磷矿的日益贫乏,湿法磷酸中含有大量的杂质,导致生成大量继沉淀盐继沉淀盐是湿法磷酸生产中遇到的主要难题,综述了不同浓度磷酸的继沉淀盐组成性质及国内外关于继沉淀盐的不同防治方法关键词湿法磷酸;继沉淀盐;防治方法中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0030 -03The components of post precipitation salts from WPA and its prevention and controlWANG Yong-gui,

42、ZHU Zhi-hua,CHEN Tan,YU Shai-cheng(School of Chemical Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)Abstract：Post precipitation is the major puzzle encountered in WPA production,resulted from the high content of impurities in WPA for the increasing shortage of hig

43、h-grade phosphate rock.The composition and nature of post precipitation in WPA of different concentrations are reviewed，and the methods for post precipitation prevention and control both domestic and abroad are presented.Key words：wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA);post precipitation;precipitation pre

44、vention and control优化闭路磨矿工艺,做好磷酸生产水平衡方兴建,王家林(云南云天化国际化工股份有限公司 天湖分公司,云南 江川 652601)摘 要为湿法磷酸生产提供磷矿浆的磨矿工段,通过采用闭路二级脱水新工艺,使磷收率由91.06%提高到94.25%,矿浆浓度提高,节约了洗水用量,并可回收污水量27万t/a最重要的是使湿法磷酸生产的水平衡问题得到彻底解决25万t/a P2O5装置,该项改造可创效益超过1 000万元关键词湿法磷酸;湿磨矿;闭路二级脱水工艺;水平衡中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0033-02Optim

45、izing the closed-circuit grinding process to improve the water balancein WPA productionFANG Xing-jian,WANG Jia-lin(Tianhu Branch,Yunnan Yuntianhua International Chemical Co.,Ltd,Jiangchuan,Yunnan 652601,China)Abstract：On grinding section for phosphate rock slurry in WPA production,phosphorus recover

46、y rate is increased from 91.06% to 94.25% by using closed-circuit two-stage dehydration process. Washing water is reduced due to increase of rock slurry concentration and 270 kt/a waste water is recycled,whose important significance is to completely solve the problem in water balance for WPA. The re

47、formation makes profit increase by over 10 million RMB per year for a 250 kt/a P2O5 plant.Key words：wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA);wet grinding;closed-circuit two-stage dehydration process;water balance磷酸装置大幅提产后磷矿萃取率下降的技改措施郭德清,韩效钊(合肥工业大学 化学工程学院,安徽 合肥 230009)摘 要一套磷酸装置由原日产P2O5 200 t提高到260 t,大幅提产后磷矿的

48、萃取率由原平均96.3%降到95.1%,导致总磷回收率下降为此对配矿管理和反应槽温度控制进行改进,并重点对原料工序进行了技改实施结果,磷矿萃取率平均达96.1%以上,取得了明显的经济效果关键词磷酸;磷矿;萃取;技改中图分类号TQ126.3+5 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-6220(2009)02-0035-02Transforming measures for settling the reduce of acidulation rate of phosphate rock during steep increase of production in PA plantGUO De-qing,HAN Xiao-zhao(School of Chemical E