外文翻译---我国房地产可持续发展的文献综述.doc

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1、The sustainable development of Chinas real estate Abstract: At present our countrys economic and social development has come to a critical of the order Section, however the development of estate industry of the national economy has a profound effect. Estate Production of sustainable development is r

2、elated to realize industry itself good circulation of new way of thinking, is Social harmony, so it is a very important position. This paper discusses The definition of sustainable development of real estate, problems and solving thinking and evaluating square Method are reviewed.Key words: Sustaina

3、ble development Real estate 1 econnotation of sustainable development of estateSustainable development is the 1980s proposed a new concept. In 1987 world commission of environment and development in the future of our common report first expounds the concept of sustainable development, get the intern

4、ational communitys broad consensus. Sustainable development refers to satisfy the requirement of modern and does not damage the ability of future generations to meet demand.The real estate industry sustainable development consists of two party of meanings: one refers to the real estate industry deve

5、lopment should not only meet the people of various real estate product demand and to meet the needs of the development of future generations. Among them, including the sustainable utilization of land resources, the stability of the housing industry coordinated development, real estate market of perf

6、ect and living environment improvement, etc.; 2 it is we should not only keep industry unceasingly growth while the national economy and society and coordinated development of other industries, including social equity; The sustainability of resource development and utilization, such as land resource

7、s, spatial resources, building the sustainability of resource utilization, Industrial development of coordination and so on.The real estate industry sustainable development should be the houses, owner and environmental three elements as a whole, the emphasis on the use of natural resources and prote

8、ction, to reach the demand for natural nature with the balance between the returns. The concept of sustainable development of real estate industry can be summarized as two points: one is to meet people and their children for housing and other real estate product needs, Two is to keep the real estate

9、 industry and urban planning and national economy coordinated development of other industries, maintenance and construction and good ecological environment, its construction and how to use it if in harmony with the environment, will create beautiful environment and urban layout.The sustainable devel

10、opment of real estate industry, is in dealing with good urban planning, energy saving, on the basis of solving the momentary interests and long-term interests relation, the local interest and the overall benefit relations, economic benefits and social benefit relations, sustainable development and s

11、ustainable growth, achieve real estate construction planning form, residential function, environmental benefits and cultural features of sustainable development.Anyhow domestic scholars on its definition is almost the same, we can be in them on the basis of sustainable development of real estate def

12、ined as: should not only meet the diverse needs of contemporary of real estate, and rational utilization of land resources, protect the ecological environment, for future generations of production and life, create the necessary space development condition, is real estate economy and population, reso

13、urces, environment, social coordinated development result.2 About sustainable development of real estate existing problemsOur country is in the harmonious societys transformation period, the economic development and environment protection problems are more prominent. And real estate industry of our

14、country late start, foundation is bad, and facing the population, resources and the huge restriction. Therefore it is necessary to understand the sustainable development of real estate in our country face possible problems.Our country exists 4 of sustainable development of real estate industry in ou

15、r country pressure factors: consumer demand pressure, speculative demand pressures, environment and resource pressure and international competition.Our existing 3 unsustainable affects real estate development. The first for land resources and labor resources of unsustainable. In the only land resour

16、ces, among which there are most is that there is no way for the development of regional development of land resources more scarce. Also exist waste of resources and erosion. Through the relevant domestic institutions of population prediction description of the population age structure changing trend

17、s found that supply condition will be decreased year. According to the theory of supply and demand, if the supply reduce then will bring prices to rise, which will bring about labor demand higher real estate industry adversely.There are 4 main problems in the sustainable development of real estate m

18、ust solve. First of all a waste of resources and erosion. Due to develop out of control and disorderly development, cause of land resources squandered and the loss of state-owned assets. Then is the commodity house KongZhiLiang increase, and are further expanded. The third is real estate development

19、 in the short-term, causing damage to ecological environment. The developer one-sided pursuit of economic, cause building density high, cubage is exorbitant, lack of green space, some real estate development and construction to neglect the ecological environment protection and construction. The last

20、 part is the real estate industry development and financial relationship has not straighten, real estate development lack of stable source of funds.Chinas real estate developing problems mainly displays in: first, develop out of control, cause disorder development of land resources squandered and th

21、e loss of state-owned assets, The second overall, structural distortions in supply and demand and caused a lot of vacancy, The third estate development of large short-term, on the ecological environment enormous destruction; Housing design, unreasonable distribution, technology content is low, causi

22、ng the waste of resources and destruction.In conclusion, we can be summarized as problem 3. The first aspect is the waste of resources and environmental jealousy. In order to obtain the existing interests, developers behavior caused social increased costs. The second aspect is the market supply and

23、demand structure, a large number of vacancy commodity house caused distortions in supply and demand. And the third way is market policy environment, including the developers of policies and real estate finance market policies.3 Affect the prices of factor analysisFirstly is the influence of inflatio

24、n. For the time being, there are indeed many housing estates investors who want to avert inflation risks. These investors hold that occidental counties with America as the head use more often the print money machines in order to save financial crisis, and our country also carry out the loose currenc

25、y credit policies that are rarely seen. These will surely lead to a serious inflation of both home and abroad in the future. How to avoid the fate of cash depreciation becomes a knot confronted people, especially rich people. If they are to invest in the stock market, stock prices might fall one day

26、; if they are to invest in the government loan or in the bank, the low proceeds can not hedge against inflation. Therefore, choosing to invest in real estate becomes their priority to choose, because real estate is rooted in soil while the non-regenerative soil can not only more and more rarely seen

27、. Besides, with the constant advance of urbanization of our country, demands of urban house property are on an increase, resulting in a higher and higher price in house property. Therefore, investment in house property becomes their best choice to counter inflation.Secondly is the constant emergence

28、 of new prime sites. What needs to be noted is that this round of prime lot quotation is different from that in 2007 in that in 2007, those prime sites are mostly invested by HK or domestic private-owned enterprises, while in this year, they mostly fall into the state-owned enterprises. These state-

29、owned enterprises do not even blink eyes even when they pay twice or three times of the transaction prices. Because land price is the main cost of housing prices, so whenever there appears a prime site, the housing prices in there are surging. For example, in July, 23rd, 2010, Jindi Groups got the p

30、rime site named Qingpuzhaogang in the Urban area of Shanghai with 14495 yuan per square meter, with housing prices in the Urban Shanghai swiftly surging. In Jiading, the housing prices per square meter exceeded 10 thousand yuan for the first time, while in Jinshan, it surged by 90.38%.Thirdly is the

31、 encouragement and support of local government. Because the land grant fee is a big financial resource of local governments, so governments in all places all want a constant rise of real estate which can result in a rise in land price. For this purpose, governments would advertise that their house p

32、roperties belong to value low-lying land in different versions while the local governments would not carefully carry them out with various reasons and means. When the central government launches market-rescue policies, local government would always take measures first to launch some looser and more

33、active market-rescue encouragement measures. All these make housing market investors gain confidence.Fourthly are the loose credit behaviors of commercial banks. In 2009, preferential credit policies of the central banks were originally given to consumers who wanted to purchase houses, but against t

34、he backdrop of rich mobility, commercial banks are scrambling for edge balls for striving for this excellent asset, which would grant investors of housing a down payment of 20% and privileges of discount in interest, those two sets of consumers are no exceptions. Many investors purchase houses with

35、relatively little money and these investors control the main gist of real estate market who do everything to make real market investment more and more prosperous with the housing prices higher and higher. The above-said factors are interrelated and interpenetrated, which forms a thick chain of housi

36、ng investment with one link connecting with another, making commercial houses becoming consumables of the masses transfer to investment of the minority of people. If this tendency is to sprawl, the consequences will be extremely serious.4 property of sustainable development of evaluation systemAccor

37、ding to the completeness, practicability, correlation and forward-looking, create the principle of combining urban real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system. It includes economic evaluation factors, population evaluation factors, social evaluation factors, resource evaluat

38、ion factors and environmental evaluation factors from five aspects. Among them, the economic evaluation factors including per capita GDP, urban residents per capita consumer spending, development of real estate investment growth, the real estate industry added value of GDP; Population evaluation fac

39、tors include urban population density, urban population growth rate; Social evaluation factors including urbanization level, the real estate industry employment, city gas popularization, real estate professionals Labour remuneration rate, Environmental evaluation factors include urban per capita pub

40、lic greenbelt area, city life sewage treatment, the finished green coverage, Resource evaluation factors including land development area, urban per capita growth residential usable floor area, on average, life-water quantity, housing construction completion rate. Using these index established effica

41、cy function,draw evaluations, and the result delimited 5 grades.Will recycle economy theory is introduced based on real estate, construction of the real estate industry recycling economy index system. They think that real estate industry also have their own 3R principle, reduction, REUSE mt, REUSE a

42、nd RECYCLE RECYCLE. And their energy, resources index, land use index, the specific contents of the environmental indicators with 3R principle for analysis, that the final conclusion.Through the economy, resources and environment, population and society are analyzed, in terms of macroscopic perspect

43、ive of these factors on the influence of real estate industry, founded the real estate evaluation index system, it includes four index system: economic index system (including economic level, the economic structure, economic benefits and economic ability two-level index); etc. Resource utilization o

44、f index system (including water, land, forest, mineral, energy, and comprehensive utilization two-level index); etc. Environmental index system (including water, land, atmosphere, waste, noise and environmental protection index class 2); Population and society index system (population, employment, p

45、eoples life, public security, satisfaction); System with science and education index system (including science and education investment, science and technology development degree, science and output and system for two-level index), the real estate industry sustainable development provides evaluation

46、s. And introduced the use of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) real estate industry sustainable development level assessment method.Anyhow, scholars created real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system, this paper introduces the level of the sustainable development of real est

47、ate industry assessment method. For the sustainable development of real estate appraisal system established the foundation. In my opinion, to establish the system of sustainable development of real estate industry must be from many aspects, whether in government, developers or buyers all should with

48、 relevant principles as guidance, to establish real estate sustainable development system.5 About sustainable development of real estate solution countermeasures and methodsPush the real estate industry sustainable development needs three aspects. One is to internalize the externality, drive market

49、main body. Solve existing externality problem. A more effective way is through the relevant financial and tax policy design, be possible externality internalizes the economic cost or income, so as to drive market main body into sustainable development mode. 2 it is to establish a standardized market, calling for long-term economic. Three is guide and promote the healthy development of excess demand.To increase national macro-control, improve the land resource utilization efficiency, through the economy applicable room con