浅析《木马赢家》中的爱_毕业论文.doc

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1、CONTENTS汉语提纲中文摘要Abstract11. Introduction2 2. Distorted and Abnormal Love in Mother and Son.3 2.1 Oedipus ComplexLove Mother 3 2.2 Irresponsible Mother.5 3. Broken and Incomplete Love Between Father and Son .6 3.1 Oedipus ComplexHate Father.7 3.2 Fathers Love is Absent.8 4. Fake and Alienated Love be

2、tween Husband and Wife.9 4.1 Married for Love.10 4.2 Failed Responsibility.95. Conclusion.10References.11Appendix12Acknowledgments13毕业论文（设计）任务书14毕业论文（设计）开题报告15毕业论文（设计）指导记录表16毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（指导教师用）17毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（评阅教师用）18毕业论文（设计）答辩成绩评定表及成绩表19汉语提纲:浅析木马赢家中的爱系班：外语系本0901班 姓名：张瑜 学号：200902111038 指导教师：翟慧丽1引言

3、作者和作品简介2 正文2.1扭曲变态的爱 （1）恋母情结 （2）失职的母亲2.2 爱的缺位 （1）憎父情结 （2）父爱的缺乏2.3假爱 （1）并非为爱而结婚 （2）不负责任的丈夫3 结论和对现代社会的启示中文摘要：木马赢家是劳伦斯较为著名的短篇小说之一，于他的晚年创作而成，在他去世后的1933年才发表。这部短篇小说的背景是后工业革命的英国，故事探讨了人与人之间的关系，从一个侧面反映了西方工业社会中金钱对健康和谐的人际关系的扭曲。作品的主题是一味追求物质享受和贪婪的性格，会使人的精神扭曲，心理变态，丧失爱的能力。研究此题的意义在于通过劳伦斯的短篇小说代表作木马赢家中对爱的主题的探索，进一步了解现

4、代工业文明的发展对人性的扭曲和压抑，以及人与人和谐关系的破坏和爱的能力的丧失，从而正确把握劳伦斯作品的主题，以此提高自己欣赏.鉴析小说的能力。母子，父子以及夫妻之间不正常的关系，尤其是母子之间，儿子对母亲怀有一种不正常的爱，而母亲却没能力去爱他，她的贪婪本性是导致保罗致死的重要原因。这种严重的社会问题值得我们深究。关键词：爱，贪婪，金钱Love in The Rocking-Horse WinnerAbstract: The Rocking-Horse Winner is a short story by D. H. Lawrence. It was first published in Ju

5、ly 1933 and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrences collected short stories. It was made into a film under the same title in 1950. The setting is post industrial revolution England, and the story takes place during a period the Americans call “the roaring 20s”, a time characterized by

6、 greed and a grasping materialism. This story shows the materialized relationship between people and the distorted character in capitalism society following the English industrial revolution which destroyed and distorted humanity. The theme of the story is that materialism can lead to spiritual deat

7、h, and that when we gamble or game for gold, we only are going to win a hollow soul.This article aims at helping understand the theme of this work by analyzing the love between every family member under the money oriented society. The love between mother and son, father and son, husband and wife is

8、all abnormal. The son has a special love to his mother, but the mother does not have the ability to show her love to the son, and her greed leads to her sons death. This is a serious phenomenon worth us thinking about. Key words: love, greed, moneyLove in The Rocking-Horse WinnerIntroductionDHLawren

9、ce is an English author, poet, playwright, essayist and literary critic, who is now generally valued as a significant representative of modernism in English literature. The Rocking Horse Winner is one of the successful works of Lawrence who writes this novel in the 1930s. The Rocking-Horse Winner is

10、 the story of a boys gift for picking the winners in horse races. His mother is incapable of showing love and is obsessed with the status that material wealth can provide. Her son, Paul, is acutely aware of his mothers desire for money, and he is motivated to take action. He discovers that if he rid

11、es his rocking-horse fast enough, he will somehow know the name of the winning horse in the next race. He begins to make money and secretly give this money to his mother, but her desire for more money only grows more intense, instead of going away. He finally rides his rocking-horse so furiously in

12、order to discover the winner of the Derby that he falls into illness and dies, just as the winning horse earns his family an enormous fortune. The Rocking-Horse Winner does not only carry the theme of criticizing the destructive influences of modern industrial civilization on human nature, but also

13、reveals Freuds psychoanalysisthe abnormal love. The distorted and abnormal love between mother and son, the broken love between father and son, and the fake and alienated love between husband and wife are analyzed in this paper.1. Distorted and Abnormal Love in Mother and Son 1.1Oedipus ComplexLove

14、Mother “In psychoanalytic theory, the term Oedipus complex denotes the emotions and ideas that the mind keeps in the unconscious, via dynamic repression, that concentrate upon a boys desire to sexually possess his mother, and kill his father.”(Sigmund Freud 1940:302) The term is originated from the

15、Greek legend of King Oedipus, who was raised away from his parents, accidently kills his father and marries his mother. He did everything possible to escape the oracles decree and punished himself by blinding when he learned that he had none the less unwittingly committed both these crimes. So, from

16、 the story of Oedipus, the psychologists think that during a certain period, some boys begin to look outside to seek sexual object. The first object is their mother. The boy who makes such a choice is mainly because of the sexual instinct. Paul obviously has a special love to his mother. When he spe

17、aks with his mother, he will feel shy, “Is luck money, mother? he asked rather timidly.”(王守仁2005:184)When he tells his mother stoutly that he himself is a lucky person, and his mother shows some feelings as unbelievable, Paul feels angry. “Excellent! said the mother, using one of her husbands exclam

18、ations. The boy saw she did not believe him; or, rather, that she paid no attention to his assertion. This angered him somewhat, and made him want to compel her attention.”(王守仁 2005：184)As if Paul places the same status with his mother and shows an abnormal feeling to her. In order to make her mothe

19、r happy, he even works hard to earn money, which should be done by his father. When his uncle asks what Paul will deal with the money he earns, Paul said he is for the sake of his mother. “But what are you going to do with your money? asked the uncle. Of course, said the boy, I started it for mother

20、. She said she had no luck, because father is unlucky, so I thought if I was lucky, it might stop whispering.” (王守仁 2005：189) And he did not want his mother know what he does for her. It is an abnormal phenomenon for a child to behave like that. Kids are often willing to show their good deeds to the

21、ir parents and would feel proud of themselves. But Pauls words are not appropriate for his position. “I shouldnt like mother to know I was lucky, said the boy. Why not, son? Shed stop me. I dont think she would. Oh!and the boy writhed in an odd wayI dont want her to know, uncle. ” (王守仁 2005：190) It

22、is obvious that Paul has a special love which is not the love between mother and son to Hester in his heart. Besides, Paul even plans to give his mother a birthday present of a thousand pounds for five successive years, but when his greedy mother wants to take away the whole five thousand advanced a

23、t once, he agrees to it. “Oh, let her have it, then! We can get some more with the other, said the boy.” (王守仁 2005：190) Whats more, Paul always wears the green pajamas as the same color of his mothers dress. When he is dying, he talked to his mother so much to address that he is lucky and make his m

24、other know that he loves her very much. All of these show that Paul has a special tenderness on his mother more than having a normal relationship between mother and son, looking his mother as his own property and trying to replace his fathers position in the relationship between parents.1.2 Irrespon

25、sible Mother In The Rocking-Horse Winner, the period in which Paul lives, is the rapid development of capitalist industrial civilization period. At that time, commodity production developed quickly and the temptation of various commodities to people grow stronger and stronger. And money can provide

26、people with the material of goods and meet peoples vanity. The pursuit of money distorts the most precious relationship between mother and child, which makes the mother unable and fail to love her son. Even when Paul dies, his mother, Hester still does not acknowledge that her son had been lucky and

27、 that she truly loves him. In The Rocking-Horse Winner, firstly, the mothers irresponsible love is that she shows no love to Paul and does not care about him. Superficially, Pauls mother is a good mother, but actually, she is a greedy and indifferent person, who only loves money. At the beginning of

28、 the short story, it is known that Hester felt her children were thrust upon her, and she could not love them. “She had bonny children, yet she felt they had been thrust upon her, and she could not love them. They looked at her coldly, as if they were finding fault with her.” (王守仁 2005：183) As a mot

29、her, it is shocked that she does not love her children. Only she herself knows that she could not love anybody and could not feel others love, without exception of her children. Although everybody around her thinks she is a good mother, because in her manner she is all the more gentle and anxious fo

30、r her children, as if she loves them very much. Hester and her children know that it is not the fact, and they read it in each others eyes. Hester only runs after money and does not care for Paul. She does not only find Paul bet on horse races, but also does not find Pauls ability of forecast. Only

31、when Paul rides the horse furiously, she thinks Paul is too big for a rocking-horse because he is not a very little boy any longer. Even when he finds Paul is becoming crazy and his health is growing worse, she does not explore the deep reason of it. Hester only thinks her son is too nervous and adv

32、ises Paul to go on a vocation. When Paul is going to die, he says something to Hester. “I never told you, mother, that if I can ride my horse, and get there, then Im absolutely sure oh, absolutely! Mother, did I ever tell you? I am lucky! No, you never did, said the mother.” (王守仁 2005：194) As a moth

33、er, she even does not remember what his son ever said seriously. Mother is Pauls most loved and important person, but Hesters bad manner and her absent love makes Paul want mothers love very much, and begins to seek the so-called luck for her. All in all, Hester is a bad and irresponsible mother.2.

34、Broken and Incomplete Love Between Father and Son2.1 Oedipus ComplexHate Father “Castration complex, the third stage of Oedipus complex, is an important conception in psychoanalysis, which refers to an unconscious fear of having ones genitals removed, as a punishment for wishing to have sex with a p

35、arent. In Freudian theory, it is an unconscious anxiety arising during psychosexual development, represented in males as a fear that the penis will be removed by the father in response to have sexual interest in the mother. From the text, it is known that Paul has a serious Castration complex, so he

36、 is born to hate his father very much, and wants to have sex with his mother.”(Sigmund Freud 2005:356). Besides, from the perspective of traditional psychology analysis, fathers are the key persons in the development of their children. In most families, fathers take role of supporting the family. In

37、 The Rocking-Horse Winner, Pauls father has good prospects and a small income, which is not enough for his family, and makes his wife and his son worried everyday. But it is strange that the father does not make any effort to earn money, as if making money to support the family is not his responsibi

38、lity, which results in Pauls earning money to make his wife happy. Pauls father does not have luck which Pauls mother concerned, and ability to make his mother happy. From the “bonny children” (王守仁 2005：183) and “Her children were growing up, they would have to go to school. There must be more money

39、, there must be more money. The father who was always very handsome and expensive in his tastes, seemed as if he never would be able to do anything worth doing” (王守仁 2005：183), it can be seen that the father does not have ability to earn enough money to support the family and never show love to his

40、children. It is just because of his fathers disability that leads to Pauls hatred to him. Under these circumstances, Paul produces an abnormal feeling to his mother and regards his mother as his own property and his father as his enemy, trying to replace his father to protect his mother.Whats more,

41、Pauls father never communicates with him and takes care of him. He seldom appears in the short story and never has a direct communication with his family members. So Paul doesnt have any feelings to his father because of his inessential role. But Paul loves his mother, but his father cannot satisfy

42、his mother, so Paul hates him. 2.2Fathers Love is AbsentFrom The Rocking-Horse Winner, it can be seen that the father treats the child with indifference and does not exchange any ideas with his son directly. It is the nature and responsible of the parents to love and take care of their children, but

43、 in The Rocking-Horse Winner, the father is mentioned few times in the story, so it is obvious that he does not love his children.In The Rocking-Horse Winner, the first time referred to Pauls father is that the father has a small income and not nearly enough for his family, “The mother had a small i

44、ncome, and the father had a small income, but not nearly enough for the social position which they had to keep up. The father went in to town to some office. But though he had good prospects, these prospects never materialized. There was always the grinding sense of the shortage of money, though the

45、 style was always kept up. ” (王守仁 2005：183)and next, the father does not consider about the shortage of money in the family. From these two points, a cold-hearted, disabled, and irresponsible father is formed. When Paul asks his mother why their family does not keep a car of their own, his mother sa

46、ys because Pauls father has no luck. “Mother, said the boy Paul one day, why dont we keep a car of our own? Why do we always use uncles, or else a taxi? Because were the poor members of the family, said the mother. But why are we, mother? Well I suppose, she said slowly and bitterly, its because your father has no luck.” (王守仁