外文翻译--关于控制性详细规划指标体系的几点思考（适用于毕业论文.doc

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1、2012 年外文文献翻译 题 目 Some Thoughts About Regulatory Detailed Planning Of Index System专业班级 城市规划01班 学 号 学生姓名 指导教师 指导教师职称 副教授 学院名称 环境与城市建设学院 Some Thoughts About Regulatory Detailed Planning Of Index System【Abstract】This article from the actual management and operability, which is based on the current regul

2、atory detailed planning which refers to the system and lack of flexibility, index system to establish scientific such problems, and improving Suggestions of index system, and introduces the conception of the vegetation coverage, the open space, floor area ratio of indexes, and comb for which .【Key w

3、ords】Regulatory Detailed Planning,Index SystemWith the January 1, 2008 the implementation of the new urban and rural planning, the importance of regulatory detailed planning put on a new level, the implementation of the plan of our city and management work has also put forward new and is more strict

4、 request. At the same time, we should also see the current regulatory detailed planning still has certain problem, particularly those of the index system, in the practical management and operation process still exists many deficiencies, specific performance for some index lack of flexibility, and to

5、 the construction of practical guidance to the small, even will hinder the development of the land and construction. How to perfect the regulatory detailed planning of index system make it has better guidance, is in urgent problems before us.1.Problems Existing Research（1）Lack of flexibilityThe city

6、 planning methodspecified in article 24, the urban regulatory detailed planning approval in accordance with law, shall be based on has the city planning or partition plan, take into account the relevant special planning, at the request of specific plot of land use of construction and puts forward th

7、e control indicators, as the administrative department of construction (urban and rural planning departments) make construction project of the licensing basis. The town planning basic standard terms point out, regulatory to the overall urban planning or partition plan as the basis, the construction

8、of the area of land use to determine the nature and use of strength, roads and engineering control index pipeline controlling position and space environment control planning requirements.We can see, regulatory detailed planning just as its name implies is to control, and to the land development use

9、of the property, strength, such as supporting the role of a controlling. The current regulatory detailed planning of the control mainly includes land control and index of the control, of which the main land use control for the function of the land use zoning and its location and scale the determinat

10、ion, traffic organization in the plot, the road line level determine, supporting the municipal facilities of control, and so on, these are also the current regulatory detailed planning process most attention and do the most complete a piece of content.And in view of the urban construction form of it

11、, because of the construction of the development and too fast, but also because most of the local government not adjust the relationship between the development and control, which now many regulatory control are in the negative state, just as the development and utilization of land a reference in th

12、e management of examination and approval of meet benefits balance, usually was forced to make a concession of also is often accused of rules and regulations. There are also a lot of regulatory just finish are in need of revision of embarrassing.On the one hand, reason is planning on executive power

13、is not enough, on the other hand, the lack of regulatory flexibility is also lead to its can not adapt to the urban construction and development situation of the important reasons. For example we often mentioned regulatory changes in the nature of the land, the existing planning method and regulator

14、y text to land in nature for some built comfortable compatibility requirements, the optimum built mainly is aims at the plot of the proposed construction of compound, the most common practice is put forward specific requirements and compatibility of compatibility building amount of general proportio

15、n. In the actual land and approval process, is more of a land of nature itself change requirements, the current regulatory but not in put forward the corresponding ways to cope.We should realize that in the urban construction speed now, change of plans to put forward for nature is the inevitable, if

16、 the regulatory detailed planning process has been considering the plot that might be some changes in the nature, the control in the planning management rules will have greater flexibility.For example: we can put the land property is divided into three categories, the first kind is planning land pro

17、perties, that is, we in the land use plan of the land put nature, is priority. The second available land properties, that is, in really needs to change the land use nature, through some of the examination and approval procedures can be changed as the plot of the nature of alternative properties. The

18、 third kind, not with the land for nature, that is, in any case, this plot is not allowed to use of land property.As such, the different regions of the plot, according to the actual conditions and the needs of the construction condition, we can choose different levels of degree of flexibility. To bu

19、ild and construction of key areas, the flexibility of the plot to lower, control will is stricter. And for those not key plot or land development situation more complex area, the nature of the flexibility to the land we can increase properly, in order to get the best development effect.（2）The establ

20、ishment of index system of scientific insufficientIn the current regulatory detailed planning process, to the establishment of index system of land use structure is often no land for the establishment of the nature of the attention, but in actual the planning and management of the process, the impor

21、tance of index system is the nature of the land are by no importance of low.The current regulatory detailed planning control indicators divided into forced about regulatory detailed planning of the index system of some thought-provoking index and guiding index.Mandatory index mainly includes: land p

22、roperties, the area of land, building density, building control height, building the red line back, floor area ratio, the rate is distance, traffic entrance location and parking garages and other public facilities to be allocated, etc.Guiding index generally includes: population capacity: namely pla

23、nning plot every hectares of land in living within the population. Architectural form size, color, style, and so on request.In these indicators, building density, floor area ratio, high control, the rate is this a few index is especially important, directly related to the construction of the plot st

24、rength. But is the index established, but lack of important degree and adapt to the scientific nature. On the one hand, the establishment of index are usually according to relevant provisions or experience value to gain, on the other hand, the controlling index itself, there are also some shortcomin

25、gs.For example we usually to the rate is proposed 30% of the index, in many cases are lack of a reliable basis, it also makes in the planning and management of the actual and construction, have a very good execution, or executive dont lose gain corresponding effect.2.Several Indicators Introduced An

26、d Comb(1)High index of the fuzzy controlHeight control whether can use more vague standards, such as: can be divided into low-level, multi-layer, high-rise, tall and have a interval range of index classification.Height control regulation, in addition to meet some of the technology (such as headroom,

27、 microwave channel etc) height control requirements and part of the development intensity outside control requirements, the most is to meet the city building space profile and the needs of the landscape shape. The height of the now control mode is set high index of the upper limit value only index,

28、so in control in the process of the regulatory planning entrusted investment promotion and capital introduction unit to consider the needs of the development of strength or uncertainty usually demand high limit control only or simply requirements do not set high control make the highly controlled th

29、e starting point of the original and at least get the role of play, no to control action was limited development indicators.To achieve highly controlled original role, whether, with some of the more flexible and fuzzy criteria of classification, such as divided into low-level (less or equal to six m

30、eters), multi-layer (6-20 meters), senior (20, 50 meters), tall (50 meters above), and in every plot with percentage within each of the proportion of the high building said, such as sure a plot of the highly controlled, specify the plot with multilayer primarily can have moderate high-rise buildings

31、 are not allowed to have tall, and so on. Achieve space profile and the role of landscape shape. In planning and management in the process also can do proper handle, as long as it doesnt change the whole plot high style, can be approved.（2） The vegetation coverage and the introduction of open space

32、rateThe rate for control of the plot is environmental quality and set mandatory index, in the planning process showed 40%, 30%, and so on numerical area, no good reason, so the control index is operational and actual effect of less than expected.People think that the rate is the index of the role is

33、 to ensure a plot have certain green plants to cover, in order to achieve the purpose of environmental quality control, and the other one is the most fundamental role is to ensure that the blocks and the activities of people living in the closest natural biological nature to meet, specifically is wi

34、thin the plot must be left free to do as the people of land in outdoor rest, chatting, take a walk, basking in the sun and other activities of places. Now the regulatory process of thing that often draw three-dimensional G11 as concentrated green land of, Im not against this kind of practice, I am o

35、pposed to is the only G11 as a numerical or is the concept of the index and ignore the actual effect, practice and the result shows that the design of the large area of green space than the corner of the garden will not little more easy to use and is more the favour of people. Therefore, I think whe

36、ther it can be introduced into the vegetation coverage and have a rest for the two indexes rate.I put the vegetation coverage defined as a descriptive index, divided into several levels:Level 1 cover: plot should have more than 80% covered by plants, has the good ecological environment and natural l

37、andscape to give priority to.Level 2 cover: vegetation should cover plot larger area, rich natural landscape.Level 3 cover: vegetation shall cover the area of the plot must, natural landscape and man-made landscape organic integration.Level 4 cover: should cover a land area of vegetation, have the n

38、atural landscape.Category five cover: allow only a few blocks vegetation, poor quality.Six levels of coverage: plot allowed no vegetation coverage.Of course, the classification too rough words also not enough precision, the author want to express mean we can use such a descriptive have certain elast

39、icity index to achieve the most basic we want to control the content, is to feel the plot must reach the standard of the landscape and environment of the most basic control.Open space rate this concept and vegetation coverage do overlap, that is some green space can be as open space, but not all gre

40、en space is open space, on the other hand has a few chairs of the rigid to shop also can serve as open space, on the whole, the index is to control the size of the public space in the plot and decide. People think this index should be made by the number of people planning to plot for standards, such

41、 as every 10 people 1 square meters of open space. In planning management, the index can be used as a mandatory index execution, forced developers or development unit must keep open space.People think that the two indexes, from two different sides of the control plot development, and to ensure the p

42、lot of the most basic environment, landscape and humanistic requirements. Can the rate is more accurate and together and effective control of the construction of the plot.（3） Cubage to measure and more economic index associatedFARis the most important regulatory index, because it directly control th

43、e plot development intensity, related to the government, the developers of the interests of all parties, and so on, so also became the regulatory planning control in the process of the most important entrust unit indexes, and planning modification of the modified most index, and is commonly by small

44、 to big change, this caused the city is all put a pair of the development of the high density anyway.In the process of the regulatory planning control now, cubage to determine the through the plot model usually layout simulation, experience the accumulation of data on the local construction inductio

45、n and investigated the situation of the contrast that way, and so on. The method has its shortcomings and at the same time, there are also some limitations. Control indexes of the current form to determine layout simulation method, through the test do form the planning and design of the layout, the

46、space layout and capacity of research in the right solution, and then add in the society, economy and other factor assessment, the classified clear control index. Its advantage is vivid, intuitive is strong, to study the structure and layout of favorable environment space, easy to master; And defect

47、s in the workload big and a big limitation and subjectivity.Experience summarizing statistics, is already planning and have put in all sorts of planning and layout forms of plot technical and economic indexes statistical analysis, this paper summarizes the experience that index data, and will promot

48、e the use of it. The advantages of this method is more accurate and reliable, the disadvantage is that these experience index can be applied to only with the original summarizes situation similar places, such as a new situation is difficult to grasp. And, experience index scientific and rational often depends on the statistical data of universality and authenticity.Investigation and analysis of the correlation method, is to present situation through thoroughly, extensive survey, in