博士研究生入学考试英语试题、参考答案与解析.doc
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1、xxx大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part Listening Comprehension (15 points)(请将答案写在答题纸上)Section OneDirections: In this section you will hear a talk about some language problems you may encounter while in the United States. The speaker will mainly talk about five problems. Listen to the recording and write down t
2、he five problems. Make your answers as brief as possible. You will hear the recording twice.(请将本部分15题的答案写在答题纸上)Topic: language problems you may encounter in the United States1_2_3_4_5_Section TwoDirections: In this section you will hear a lecture by a journalism professor. Listen to the recording an
3、d take notes to fill in the outline below. You will hear the recording twice.(请将本部分615题的答案写在答题纸上)Main Idea: Government regulation of television has had limited success and will continue to be a challenge in the future.Original problems/reasons for regulation: watching TV violence leads to violent be
4、havior _ _ Solutions: Telecommunications Act TV industry responsibility: ratings system _Manufacturer responsibility: V-chips _ _Continuing problems: V-chips _ _Ratings system _ _Part Reading Comprehension (40 points)(请将答案涂在答题卡上,从16题开始)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each pass
5、age is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Sometimes, over a
6、 span of many years, a business will continue to grow, generating ever-increasing amounts of cash, repurchasing stock, paying increased dividends, reducing debt, opening new stores, expanding production facilities, moving into new markets, etc., while at the same time its stock price remains stagnan
7、t (or even falls).When this happens, the average and professional investors alike tend to overlook the company because they become familiar with the trading range.Take, for example, Wal-Mart. Over the past five years, the retailing behemoth has grown sales by over 80%, profits by over 100%, and yet
8、the stock price has fallen as much as 30% during that timeframe. Clearly, the valuation picture has changed. An investor that read the annual report back in 2000 or 2001 might have passed on the security, deeming it too expensive based on a metric such as the price to earnings ratio. Today, however,
9、 the equation is completely differentdespite the stock price, Wal-Mart is, in essence, trading at half its former price because each share is backed by a larger dividend, twice the earnings power, more stores, and a bigger infrastructure. Home Depot is in much the same boat, largely because some Wal
10、l Street analysts question how fast two of the worlds largest companies can continue to grow before their sheer size slows them down to the rate of the general economy.Coca-Cola is another excellent example of this phenomenon. Ten years ago, in 1996,the stock traded between a range of $ 36.10 and $
11、54.30 per share. At the time, it had reported earnings per share of $1.40 and paid a cash dividend of $ 0.50 per share. Corporate per share book value was $ 2.48Last year, the stock traded within a range of $ 40.30 and $ 45.30 per share; squarely in the middle of the same area it had been nearly a d
12、ecade prior! Yet, despite the stagnant stock price, the 2006 estimates Value Line Investment Survey estimates for earnings per share stand around $ 2.16 (a rise of 54%), the cash dividend has more than doubled to $1.20, book value is expected to have grown to $ 7.40 per share (a gain of nearly 300%)
13、, and the total number of shares outstanding (未偿付的,未完成的)has actually decreased from 2.481 billion to an estimated 2.355 billion due to the companys share repurchase program.16This passage is probably a part of _.AFind Hidden Value in the Market BBecome RicherCGet Good Bargains DIdentify Good Compani
14、es17The italicized word “stagnant” (Line 4, Para. 1) can be best paraphrased as _.Aprominent Bterrible Cunchanged Dprogressing18Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lower price because _.Ait has stored a large quantity of goodsBit has become financially more powerfulCit has been eager to collect money
15、to prevent bankruptcyDit is a good way to compete with other retailing companies19All the following are shared by Wal-Mart and Coco-Cola EXCEPT _.AThe cash dividend has increasedBThe earning power has become strongerCBoth businesses have continued to growDThe stock price has greatly decreased20Accor
16、ding to the author, one had better _.Abuy more shares when the stock price falls downBsell out the shares when the stock price falls downCdo some research on the value of a business when its stock price falls downDinvest in the business when its stock price falls downPassage TwoQuestions 21 to 25 ar
17、e based on the following passage:Todays college students are more narcissistic (自恋的)and self-centered than their predecessors, according to a comprehensive new study by five psychologists who worry that the trend could be harmful to personal relationships and American society.“We need to stop endles
18、sly repeating Youre special and having children repeat that back,” said the studys lead author, Professor Jean Twenge of San Diego State University. “Kids are self-centered enough already.” “Unfortunately, narcissism can also have very negative consequences for society, including the breakdown of cl
19、ose relationships with others,” he said. The study asserts that narcissists “are more likely to have romantic relationships that are short-lived, at risk for infidelity, lack emotional warmth, and to exhibit game-playing, dishonesty, and over-controlling and violent behaviors.” Twenge, the author of
20、 “Generation Me: Why Todays Young Americans Are More Confident, Assertive, Entitledand More Miserable Than Ever Before,” said narcissists tend to lack empathy, react aggressively to criticism and favor self-promotion over helping others.Some analysts have commended todays young people for increased
21、commitment to volunteer work. But Twenge viewed even this phenomenon skeptically, noting that many high schools require community service and many youths feel pressure to list such endeavors on college applications.Campbell said the narcissism upsurge seemed so pronounced (非常明显的)that he was unsure i
22、f there were obvious remedies. “Permissiveness seems to be a component,” he said. “A potential antidote would be more authoritative parenting. Less indulgence might be called for.”Yet students, while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings, dont necessarily accept negative generalizations abo
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