我国商业银行资产负债管理研究.docx
《我国商业银行资产负债管理研究.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《我国商业银行资产负债管理研究.docx(56页珍藏版)》请在沃文网上搜索。
1、摘 要资产负债管理作为现代商业银行经营管理的基本内容,已经成为银行保证 流动性、安全性和效益性的重要手段,也是商业银行内部控制的重要内容之一。 它是一种全方位的管理方法,即为了达到银行已确定的经营目标,对银行的各 种业务进行协调管理。资产负债管理主要包括以下几个方面:流动性风险管理; 银行账本交易中的市场风险管理;满足所有监管机构的要求;在可接受的风险 偏好下,优化资本配置,为制定业务战略提供依据。资产负债管理的关键变量, 短期意义上是银行的净收入,长期意义上是银行股权的市场价值。随着金融市场自由化进程不断加快,国际金融市场波动日益加剧,金融产 品和金融服务种类不断增加,银行所面临的金融风险渐
2、趋严重与复杂。人们越 来越重视银行的综合风险防范问题,银行迫切需要一种协调不同经营风险,具 有前瞻性、科学性、可操作性的资产负债管理(ALM)体系。近年来,国外银行 界和学术界纷纷致力于资产负债管理相关领域的研究,对资产负债体系问题的 研究和探讨不断深化,新的模型、方法层出不穷,国外银行的资产负债管理决 策从形式到内容都有了深刻的变化。近期美国金融风暴已近席卷全球,由于美国持续已久的房地产泡沫破裂, 导致了全球金融机构坏账增多,从而引发了大量资产贬值,导致银行被迫减记, 利润下降,评级下调,金融信用体系崩溃,从而引发了金融系统的流动性及生 存危机,归根结底还是这些金融机构的资产负债管理出现了严
3、重问题。全球银 行监管的新规则巴塞尔,对银行资产负债管理也提出了更高的要求。新协 议将市场风险和操作风险纳入资本约束的范围,允许并鼓励银行使用内部计算 模型,内部审计程序和决策模型,并不断对银行市场风险管理工具和计量方法 进行回溯测试。银行应当有效评估、评审自身的风险管理体系和模型,建立科 学决策平台,资产负债管理在银行风险与控制的核心地位在不断上升。在此背景下,由于商业银行资产负债管理理论和实证结合的紧密程度,对 解决我国商业银行实际问题,提高银行核心竞争力具有重要的现实意义,商业 银行资产负债管理研究已成为理论的热点和前沿问题。在全球金融危机、利率5市场化和行业竞争加剧的条件下,如何从资产
4、负债管理的角度,提升我国商业 银行的核心竞争力,防范和化解利率波动风险,优化资产负债结构,对于维护 我国金融系统的稳定和缩小我国商业银行与国外同行的差距,应对金融风暴的 冲击,加快我国商业银行的发展有重要意义。本文详细回顾了西方商业银行资产和负债管理理论的发展过程以及我国商 业银行资产负债管理的历史和现状;结合我国商业银行资产负债管理的现实状 况,选取招商银行和上海浦东发展银行为例,具体分析了其资产负债比例以及 相关风险,并利用缺口模型分析了其流动性风险和利率风险;分析了利率市场 化对我国商业银行资产负债管理业务影响的正负效应及通过具体分析三大类不 同的金融机构在金融危机中的表现,说明金融机构
5、资产负债管理的重要性,并 针对我国商业银行资产负债管理现状,提出了具有一定参考价值的解决对策。 文章创新之处体现在系统阐述了资产负债管理的模型和方法;通过分析金融危 急中不同金融机构的表现说明金融机构资产负债管理的重要性,具有较强的时 效性,对我国商业银行资产负债管理工作有较大的启示;通过简化的缺口模型 具体选取招商银行和浦发银行为例分析我国商业银行资产负债管理现状,并得 出了其资产负债结构不断优化,风险逐步降低的结论。文章具体结构如下。第一章为前言,介绍了论文的选题背景和目的,对国内外资产负债管理相 关理论文献进行了回顾和综述,指出了论文结构和研究思路。第二章阐述商业银行资产负债管理的内涵,
6、原则和方法,并介绍商业银行 资产负债管理理论的发展脉络、相关理论和方法,为论文打好理论基础。第三章介绍了我国商业银行资产负债管理的发展历程,现状以及目前存在 的问题,对我国商业银行进行实证分析。第四章选取招商银行和上海浦东发展银行为代表,对其资产负债结构以及 其流动性风险和利率风险利用缺口模型进行实证分析,并得出相关结论。第五章首先以利率市场化为背景,分析利率市场化对我国商业银行的资产 负债业务的正负效应。同时分析金融危机背景下,国际金融业的资产负债状况 以及生存状态对我国商业银行资产负债管理的启示。最后针对我国商业银行目 前存在的问题,提出了相应的解决对策和政策建议。关键词:资产负债管理;利
7、率市场化;金融危机;流动性风险;利率风险AbstractAsset-Liability Management (ALM) is vital in commercial banks internal control and it is a kind of all-directions management method. It is a harmonious management carrying on to variety of bank operations to attain the certain target of the bank. The essential is programm
8、ing, dominating and controlling various accounts in balance sheet, including variety of assets, liabilities and the funds level, movement and combination. The key variable in short-term is banks net income and in long-term is the market value of bank stock rights.Since late 1990s, with the liberaliz
9、ation process of financial markets continuing to speed up and the increasing of the international financial market volatility, financial products and services, banks are facing more serious and complex financial risks. The outbreak of global financial crisis makes people pay more and more attention
10、to risk management of banks. Banks are in urgent need of a forward-looking, scientific and practical asset-liability management (ALM) system which could coordinate different operational risks. In recent years, foreign banks academic sectors have committed to and deepened asset-liability-management r
11、elated research. New models and methods come out consecutively. Foreign banks asset-liability management decision-making process has undergone profound changes from form to content.The recent financial crisis in the United States has nearly extended to the globe.U.S. real estate bubble burst lead to
12、 a global increase in bad debts of financial institutions and decrease of asset values, and banks were forced to write-down assets, reduce profits and lower their ratings, then financial credit system collapsed, which led to the liquidity crisis of the financial system. In a word, these financialins
13、titutions have serious problems in asset-liability management. The new global banking supervision rules - Basel has put on higher requirement on asset-liabilitymanagement of banks. The new agreement will contain market risk and operational risk into the capital constraint scope and encourage banks t
14、o use internal calculationmodel, internal audit procedures and decision-making models. Banks should have effective systems and models to evaluate and assess their risks and establishment scientific decision-making platform. Asset-liability management and control are in the banks core status of an up
15、ward trend.With this background and because of the close relationship in ALMs theory and demonstration, ALM theory has become a hot-point and leading area. The gains of Chinese commercial banks badly depend on deposit-loan margin. How to raise the nuclear competitive power of banks, to keep away and
16、 resolve interest risk is very important to maintain the steady financial system and short the gap between Chinese commercial banks and foreign commercial banks.The thesis reviewed the development of western commercial banks ALM theories and the history of Chinese commercial banks asset-liability ma
17、nagement; summarized the commercial banks important role in society and economy and its social responsibility, the meaning, principles of commercial bank ALM; Analyzed the Interest rate marketizaion (IRM) and financial crisis effect on assets and liabilities operations in Chinese commercial banks. T
18、he article combined with the reality of Chinese commercial bank ALM, and pointed out that the outside conditions and inside environments still need to improving, then giving some valuable solutions.Chapter 1 is introduction, which is about the research background, research objective and the research
19、 methods of this dissertation.Chapter 2 reviews the content, principles and methods of the asset-liability management of commercial banks. And introduce the development and method of commercial bank asset-liability management theory, in order to lay a solid theoretical foundation thesis.Chapter 3 in
20、troduces the development process, status and current problem of Chinese commercial banks asset-liability management and makes empirical analysis on Chinese commercial banks.Chapter 4 takes China Merchant Bank Shanghai Pudong Development Bank as an example and make empirical analysis on the its asset
21、-liability structure, as well as on its liquidity risk and interest rate risk using gap models.Chapter 5 the takes Interest rate marketizaion into the background and analysis the positive and negative effects of Interest rate marketizaion on Chinese commercial banks businesses. At the same time, it
22、analysis the financial crisis effect on the asset and liability status as well as the survival status of the international financial institutions, and it also gives enlightenment on Chinese commercial banks asset-liability management. And it puts forward corresponding countermeasures and policy reco
23、mmendation aiming at Chinas commercial banks current problems. It points out that Chinese commercial banks should actively introduce foreign advanced technology and theoretical models in the respect of system construction, human resource construction, hardware and software development and financial
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
10 积分
下载 | 加入VIP,下载更划算! |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 我国 商业银行 资产负债 管理 研究