小学英语阅读教学策略.ppt

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1、小学英语阅读教学 一、阅读理解 （一）什么是阅读理解？（二）阅读的目的 （三）阅读任务分类（一）什么是阅读理解？阅读理解是一个心理过程。一个信息以文字符号为载体（图像也可），通过阅读过程传递，在这个过程中，头脑经过接收分析和猜想，把信息恢复过来，这就是阅读理解过程。（二）阅读的目的一是获取信息（Reading for information）如阅读有关的新闻、资料、说明书等;二是娱乐消遣（Reading for pleasure or reading for fun）如读小说散文、故事、童话等；三是学习语言（Reading for languge）母语学习，外语学习（三）阅读任务分类一类活动的

2、任务是扩大输入、阅读欣赏；另一类活动的任务是针对性地训练阅读技巧。这些技巧包括预测所读内容、抓主题大意、抓特定细节、根据上下文猜词义、推断隐含意义等。二、影响阅读几个因素 1、智力水平 2、生理、心理条件 3、兴趣和性格 4、文化背景 5、语言基础 三、小学英语阅读教学的现状 （一）学生的学习现状 （二）教师的教学现状 （一）学生阅读的现状1、阅读兴趣不高；看不懂阅读材料；恐惧和不安 2、没有合理有效的阅读方法；效率低下 1)阅读的速度和效率 2)缺少根据上下文线索猜测词义的能力 3)缺乏一定的英语文化知识了解。3、课堂阅读时间有限；课外使用英语的面比较狭小（二）教师的教学现状教学方法单一枯燥

3、；过多地讲解生词，过分地重视词汇和语法的教学，而忽视了阅读技巧和方法的训练。四、新课标对小学英语阅读的要求1、能认读所学词语2、能根据拼读规律，读出简单的单词3、能读懂教材中简短的要求和指令4、能看懂贺卡等所表达的简单信息5、能借助图片读懂简单的故事或小短文，并养成按意群阅读的习惯6、能正确朗读所学故事或短文五、英语阅读教学的意义1.读是四种技能之一，学生综合语言运用能力的形成离不开阅读能力的培养。2.阅读是扩大语言输入量的有效途径。从听说读写四项行为来看，单位时间内接受信息量最多的行为是阅读。3.巩固学过的知识，如：词汇、语法、交际用语等。4.有趣的阅读材料还能给人带来乐趣。5.通过阅读可以

4、培养学生相应的学习策略。六、小学英语阅读教学的策略 （一）课始整合教材 1、创编教材 2、结合图片 3、贴近生活 （二）课中感知内容，练做结合 1、听力入手、知其大意 2、扫读生词、消除障碍 3、练做结合、由易到难 1、听力入手、知其大意 （1）浏览后相继提问，目标名确 （2）注意提问的时间差 (3)提问须面向全体 （4）问题不能过于简单 2、扫读生词、消除障碍 （1）结合TPR，动中学词 （2）结合图片，形象识词 (3)联系上下文猜测词义 3、练做结合、由易到难 根据不同的教材设计不同的练习类型；练习难度要层层递进，由易到难The traffic lights are the same in

5、 every country.There are always three lights:red,yellow and green.Red means“Stop”.Yellow means“Wait”,and green means“Go”.In China,drivers drive on the right side of the road.In the US,drivers drive on the right side,too.In England and Australia,however,drivers drive on the left side of the road.If y

6、ou go by car,by bike or on foot,you must know the traffic rules.第一关：我会判（Tick or Cross)There are always three lights in every country:red,yellow and green.()Yellow light means“Go”.()In China,drivers drive on the right side of the road.()In the US,drivers drive on the left side.()We dont need to know

7、the traffic rules.()第二关：我会选（choose the right answer)Red means ()A:Go B:Stop C:WaitHow many traffic lights are there in a country?()A:One B:Two C:ThreeIn England,drivers drive on the ()side of the road.A:right B：left第三关：我会填（Fill in the blanks)What s the text about?_If you go on foot,what must you do?

8、_Whats the difference when people drive in China and England?_（三）课尾拓展运用、提升阅读 1、复述 2、表演课文 3、缩写、改写 七、小学英语五步阅读教学法一读知大意 【课例1】视听整体呈现Im Tim.When I grow up Im going to be a pilot.A pilot flies planes.I love flying,and I want to fly in the sky.Im Lucy.Im going to be a vet when I grow up.A vet is a doctor fo

9、r animals.I love animals,and I want to look after them.Im Bob.My dad is a dentist.He looks after peoples teeth.But Im not going to be a dentist when I grow up.Im going to be a cook.I love food.I want to make delicious food.Im Candy.Im going to be a teacher when I grow up.I really like my teacher,Mis

10、s Miller.I want to be a teacher,too.I want to teach children English.T:What are they talking?课例课例2 The lion and the mouse There is a lion.He is very strong.He likes eating the small animals.Milly,the little mouse comes.Look,she is biting the net.“Ha ha,I am coming.”Lion is hungry!Milly is afraid,“He

11、lp!Help!”The lion let him go.Milly is a mouse.She is small.She likes playing.Oh!Lion is in the net!He is very sad,“Help!Help!Who can help me?”Now,Lion and small animals are good friends.They play together.They are very happy.T:What animals are there in the story?二、读扫生词二、读扫生词 课例1中，进入扫生词环节后，教师说：Read t

12、he text quickly and underline the new words.然后教师叫学生把找出来的生词写在黑板上。学生从短文中找出 grow up,vet,pilot,fly,dentist,teeth,delicious等等，这些生词中有一部分是一些基础较好的学生认识，教师提问：Who knows these words?几个学生纷纷举手回答自己认识的生词，如grow up,fly,teeth,等。剩下几个生词，教师再做一些讲解：A pilot flies planes.A vet is a doctor for animals.A dentist looks after pe

13、oples teeth.课例2中，教师要求学生Read silently,underline the new words.在学生选出strong，hungry，net，sad，bite，together等生词后，教师提出解决生词的两个办法a.Guess with pictures.b.Guess the meaning in the context.学生根据插图猜出net是网的意思、bite是咬的意思，strong，hungry，sad，together等生词根据上下文和老师的动作及讲解弄懂了其含义。三、读练辨析三、读练辨析 【课例【课例3】The Bakers Mr.and Mrs.Bake

14、r have a nice family.They have three children,Amy,Peter and Tom.Amy and Peter go to the same school.In the morning,they have different classes,English,Maths Art and P.E.In the afternoon,they read books at the library.In the evening,they do homework or watch TV.After that,they like to play with Tom.W

15、hen mum is busy,they change the diaper for Tom.On weekends,they like to go out.Sometimes they go to the zoo to see animals.Sometimes they play ball games in the park.They always have a good time.教师在指导学生第三遍阅读这段语篇时，提出了四个是非题：教师在指导学生第三遍阅读这段语篇时，提出了四个是非题：1)Mr.and Mrs.Baker have a nice family.T2)They have

16、four children.F3)Amy and Peter go to the same school.T 4)On weekends,they dont like to go out.F课例1中，教师在这个环节是这样安排的。Read again and answer (Yes or No)a.Tim is going to be a pilot.(Yes)b.Lucy loves animals.(Yes)c.Bobs father is a dentist.He wants to be a dentist,too.(No)d.Candy likes her teacher Miss Mi

17、ller.(Yes)四、读明细节四、读明细节a.What classes do Amy and Peter have in the morning?b.Where do they like to go on weekends?Subjects Places EnglishparkChineseMathssupermarketArtMusiczooP.E.教师还设计了四个选择题，来检测学生对语篇细节掌握的程度。1)Amy and Peter have _ classes in the morning.A.three B.four2)In the afternoon,they read books

18、 _.A.at the library B.at home3)Tom is a _.A.baby B.boy4)They _ in the zoo.A.see animals B.play ball games【课例4】Daily Life Hello,my friends!Im an Olympic volunteer.I work for Olympic Games.I get up at five oclock.I brush my teeth and wash my face.I have breakfast at half past five.For breakfast,I like

19、 eggs and milk.I go to the Birds Nest（鸟巢体育馆）at six oclock.Then,I begin to work.I clean the chairs.I sweep the floor.I carry the boxes.I act as Fuwa.And I say“Hooray”to the winners.I go home at twelve oclock at night.I write a diary every day.Im tired.But Im very happy.Im proud.Im a volunteer!1、Look

20、and match!I get up at 5:30.I have breakfast at 6:00.I go to the Birds Nest at 12:00 at night.I go home at 5:00.2、Fill in the blanks!Im an Olympic volunteer.I get up at five oclock in the morning.I _ the chairs,sweep the _,carry the _,and _ as Fuwa in the daytime.I go home at twelve oclock at night.I

21、m_.But Im very _.【课例5】School life 这是一篇介绍中英小学生学校生活的语篇，在安排细节阅读时教师提出四个问题，让学生带着问题阅读。Q1:How do the children sit?Q2:What do the children do?Q3:When do the children start school?Q4:When do the children finish school?They(English children)We(Chinese children)sit around tables sit in lines sing songs togethe

22、r every morning do morning exercises every morning start school at 9 oclock start school at 8 oclock finish school at half past 3 finish school at 4 oclock 五、阅读拓展五、阅读拓展课例课例1中教师设计了两个拓展任务：中教师设计了两个拓展任务：Free talk.T:Candy is going to be a teacher.How about you?What are you going to be when you grow up?Wh

23、y?Group work:Talk about your dreams with your classmates:When I grow up,Im going to be a I want to课例5中，教师设计的拓展任务是阅读网页上面英国学生的学校生活。1、Watch a video about an English school.Read a passage from an English pupils blog and then take a quiz.【课例6】Friends学生在完成细节阅读之后，教师设计了一个书面的拓展作业，要求学生根据样本写给笔友一封电子邮件。Write an

24、e-mail to your pen friend.T:Do you want to be Carlys friend?Please write an e-mail to her.I have an example for you.(CAI)Example:Dear Carly,My name is .Im years old.There are people in my family.My father likes .My mother likes .I like .Welcome to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games.Your new pen frie

25、nd,八、几种阅读教学方法简介1、“导-传-延”方法创设语境引导阅读，传授方法设计任务，内化语言延伸课外A、智慧导入，创设语境，激发学生的阅读智慧导入，创设语境，激发学生的阅读兴趣兴趣 B、引导阅读，传授方法，提高学生的阅读引导阅读，传授方法，提高学生的阅读能力能力 阅读策略阅读策略 策略描述策略描述 猜测生词词义 联系上下文推测生词的意思全文浏览 阅读短文或故事先浏览全文，了解大意推断猜测 结合上下文和插图猜测不能理解词句的含义问题查找 结合练习问题查找故事情节 总结 读完全文后能概述短文或故事的主要内容 C、延伸课外，积累经验，培养学生的阅读延伸课外，积累经验，培养学生的阅读习惯习惯 三环

26、节阅读教学法 一、阅读前适时导入、激发兴趣 （即感知文章）1、直观导入法 2、Free talk 导入法 3、简笔画导入法二、阅读中阅读过程技巧与方法 的调控（即理解文章）1、初读感知，促其入境 2、听力训练，唤起想象 3、朗读课文，寻疑索解 4、默读课文，互动生成 5、跟读课文，情景交融 1、引导学生带着问题来阅读，找出关键词或 关键句 2、根据上下文来猜测词义，句意 （1）根据构词法猜测词义 （2）根据上下文理解 （3）注重语言、文化背景知识的渗透阅读过程中的技巧与方法 三、阅读后有效练习 （即反馈学生对文章的理解程度）1、表演课文 2、缩写、改写课文 3、复述等九、阅读教学中应该注意的问题 1.处理好阅读与听读的关系。2.处理好阅读与朗读的关系。3.对学习困难的学生可采取合作的方式。4.注意根据学生的年龄特点，培养初步的阅读策略。5.正确选择阅读材料。6.给学生自主阅读的时间，老师不要包办代替。7.根据学生的年龄特点，注意阅读教学的趣味性。Thank you very much!