英语教学(英文版).doc

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1、摘 要学习语言的最根本目的在于交际。然而，在我国由于受传统教学模式和应试教育的影响，许多教师更多地注重学生读、写能力的培养，而忽略了对听、说能力的训练。近年来“哑巴”英语现状没有得到很大改观。影响中学生口语表达能力的因素是多方面的。本文分析了影响中学生英语口语表达能力的主要因素，包括教学方法、教师素质以及学生的心理障碍等。并针对这些因素提出英语口语教学应遵循的原则，即以学生为中心、理论联系实际。同时提出了相应的策略：激发学生的兴趣；改善教学方法；充分利用多媒体；帮助学生克服心理障碍等，以期对提高中学生英语口语表达能力有所帮助。关键词：英语教学；表达能力；培养；原则；策略AbstractThe

2、main purpose of language learning is for communication. However, because of the effects of traditional pedagogy and exam-oriented education, many teachers pay more attention to train students ability in reading and writing, neglecting the importance of speaking and listening. The phenomenon of “Dumb

3、 English” is still serious. There are many factors affecting students English expressiveness. This paper mainly analyzes the main factors affecting students English expressiveness: the poor way of teachers teaching; the teachers quality and psychological barrier of students. It points out some rules

4、 should be used in oral English teaching: student-centered teaching; combining teaching theory with practice. Accordingly, this paper also offers some strategies: arousing students interest; training teachers; helping students overcome their psychological barrier. All of these can be helpful to impr

5、ove students English expressiveness.Key words: English teaching ；Expressiveness；Training；Principle；StrategiesTable of ContentsIntroduction.1Chapter 1 The significance of English Expressiveness.21.1 Basic Ability of Contemporary Talents.31.2 Helping Promote Relationship between Countries.31.3 Oral En

6、glish is an important part of language ability.41.4 The demand of society to communicative person.4Chapter 2 The Factors Affecting Students Expressiveness.42.1 The Poor Way of Teachers Teaching.42.2 The Teachers Quality.52.3 Psychological Barrier of Students.52.3.1 Types of Psychological Barriers in

7、 Oral English Teaching.6Chapter 3 Rules should be Used in Oral English Teaching.63.1 Students-centered Teaching. .73.2 Combing Teaching Theory with Practice. .73.3 Contextualizing practice. .83.4 Balancing accuracy-based with fluency-based practice.8Chapter 4 Strategies for Improvement. .84.1 Arousi

8、ng Students Interest. .84.1.1 Helping students cultivate the habit of speaking English.84.1.2 Getting students form proper motivation.94.2 Training Teachers.94.3 Making Proper Use of Multimedia in Oral English Teaching.104.3.1 Discarding Anxiety of Speaking English.104.3.2 Conducting Rational Psycho

9、logical Adjustment.11Conclusion. . . .11Reference. . . .13Acknowledgements.14IntroductionEnglish is widely used all over the world. Nowadays, China has joined the WTO (World Trade Organization) and successfully holding the 2008 Olympic Games, and spoken English becoming more and more important in Ch

10、ina. You can see that people, ranging from kids to the old are all participating in the trend of learning spoken English. A large number of students show great interests to the English learning. Today, with the overwhelming emergency of computers and Internet, the world has become smaller and people

11、 in different countries much closer to each other than ever before. All these changes require us to change our view on foreign language teaching and learning. The ultimate goal of foreign language teaching is to enable students to use foreign language in work and daily life when it necessary. Howeve

12、r, there are still many problems existing in oral English teaching, such as lacking of English learning environment; the poor quality of English teachers; students psychological barrier; and test-oriented education.The government has advocated quality-oriented education and tried to reduce students

13、heavy burden for many years. Due to the heavy pressure of the NMET (National Matriculate Test), most teachers and students in senior high schools teach and study mainly for examinations. As a result, teachers adopt traditional teaching method like Grammar-Translation Method, which makes the oral Eng

14、lish teaching almost impossible. Teachers often pay more attention to vocabulary, English language points, grammar or exercises at the expense of teaching little spoken English. Consequently students who have learned English for several years cannot speak English well. We cannot deny the fact that m

15、ost high school students cannot communicate with native English speaker freely. In order to meet the need of society and to train high quality talents, English teachers should improve their teaching methods. Because the ultimate goal of foreign language teaching is that enable students to use foreig

16、n language in work or daily life when it necessary. Therefore, English teachers should teach language in real situations. As all we know that there is a great gap between the language used in real life and that learned in classroom. In real life, language is used to perform certain communicative fun

17、ctions. For example: to give directions, to exchange information, or to make a complaint. In a traditional teaching classroom, the foreign language teaching is often focus on forms rather than functions, thus on many occasions, students just learn a lot of structures and patterns without knowing how

18、 to use it in real situations.There are some factors affecting students English expressiveness, such as poor way of teachers teaching; the teachers quality; students psychological barrier. This paper will mainly analyze the factors affecting high school students English expressiveness. Whats more, t

19、he paper will put forward some strategies.Chapter 1 The Significance of English ExpressivenessAs we know, the purpose of language learning is for communication. There is no doubt that the main purpose of English teaching is to improve students English expressiveness. At present, Communicative Langua

20、ge Teaching (CLT) 2 is widely adopted by English teachers. CLT has become a popular term in syllabus design and in the methodology of English teaching. And the goal of CLT is to develop students English expressiveness which includes both the knowledge about the language and how to use the language a

21、ppropriately in communicative situations.English expressiveness is equivalent to competence of using English. Communicative competence was proposed by Hymes, D.H . He is a sociolinguist in America. In his words, communicative competence includes knowledge of what to say, when, how, where and to whom

22、; the goal of English teaching is to help students improve their communicative competence, in short, to teach students how to do and what should they say when they communicate with others in English. In the global economy, English has become an important communicative language; fluency in spoken Eng

23、lish will become an essential key around the world. Although many of students are good at reading and writing, but their verbal expression and comprehension are weak. Therefore, in this increasingly fierce competitive market, English speaking ability in English teaching has become an important part.

24、1.1 Basic Ability of Contemporary TalentsIn contemporary society, an excellent talent should have a good grasp of English. He or she should pay more attention to their expressiveness, one can speak English well, and then he will benefit from English. For example, if he applies for a job, English wil

25、l give him a good advantage over the other applicants and have more opportunities than the others. So it is an important tool to prompt ones success. A man of considerable cannot express his idea in public and make response rapidly when he is asked something important in English in special situation

26、, then he will lose a good chance. A person who attaches importance to English expressiveness can think promptly and deal with different situations freely. Good expressiveness is indispensable to an excellent talent. 1.2 Helping Promote Relationship between CountriesSince the social economic system

27、has been established in our country, English plays an essential role in business, professional work, political activities and cultural exchange among countries; and English becomes an indispensable part of society.English as a major medium in communication, its effects cannot be neglected. It helps

28、build and promote the relationship between countries. With the rapid development of global economic integration, international trade and commerce has become increasingly frequent. The society in the 21st century demands qualified people, so English is widely used in international business, political

29、 and diplomatic field; it is also a common language of computers and the Internet, at the same time, English has a significant role in international trade. Accordingly, the relationship between countries will be developed through economic activities. A country want to interchange and cooperate with

30、other countries, English is required for people to comprehend the culture, economy, policy of other countries. From above we can know that our English teaching should not only focus on reading and writing, we must learn how to make use of many tools, for example, English , computer, and so on. But I

31、 think English as a language tool is the most important. Especially much more attention should be paid to English expressiveness by teachers and students.1.3 Oral English is an important part of language abilityIn modern life, there is a big change of peoples understanding on spoken language. The re

32、flection of this change on foreign language teaching is that people pay more attention to oral language that the aim of foreign language teaching. Strengthening the training of listening and speaking abilities is the trend of foreign language teaching. SEFC and JEFC textbook and some other English o

33、riginal version teaching materials focus on the development of students communicative ability, strengthening the training of the students listening and speaking skills. We should recognize that communication is comprehensive language ability. Developing students communicative competencies the essenc

34、e which is to develop students listening, speaking, reading, writing, and other aspects of the comprehensive capacity.1.4 The demand of society to communicative personWith the deepening of reform and open policy, the communication between our country and the world is more and more frequently. The ro

35、le of English as an international language of communication tools is widely spread and many people are aware of the importance of mastering the spoken language. Do you want to be a higher vocational education in foreign companies or joint-ventures or collar salary? Do you want to go abroad for a fur

36、ther study? If you do not have the oral communicative competence, how do you communication with foreigners? So it is very necessary to develop oral language skills.Chapter 2 The Factors Affecting Students English Expressiveness2.1 The Poor Way of Teachers TeachingAt present, a large number of Englis

37、h teachers adopt traditional teaching pedagogy in our country. In traditional teaching classroom, it only requires students to read, write, but seldom speak and listen. What more, teachers usually talk too much and spend much time to read and do written exercise, thus students do not have many chanc

38、es to practice and improve their English expressiveness. There is a common phenomenon that many teachers teach vocabulary and grammar in Chinese, as a result, students often translate Chinese into English.In many schools, teachers teaching method in oral English is relatively dry. Some teachers cann

39、ot use textbook effectively and creatively, they cannot design new activities in oral English teaching, they do not want to deviate the tradition, so they cannot stimulate students interests in learning English. Due to teachers boring teaching, some students will be absent from classes, practice and

40、 communication. Teachers should change their traditional teaching concept and adopt the modern teaching method, like student-centered, Communicative Approach can be used. 2.2 The Teachers Quality In teaching process, the teachers responsibility is not only to teach facts, but also to guide and super

41、vise students, it is also important for teachers to organize teaching activities and create learning environment for students. However, a serious of problems of teachers exists in the teaching process.1) Influenced by traditional teaching principle and exam-oriented education, most of teachers usual

42、ly neglect the oral communicative training in English teaching, written tests overweight oral test, so teachers neglect the improvement of students oral ability, especially in the undeveloped areas. 2) Teachers put particular emphasis on language knowledge teaching because of the influence by the tr

43、aditional teaching method. In traditional teacher-centered class, students listen to teachers and take notes, they learn passively and mechanically. Students will have few opportunities even no opportunities to practice oral English. 3) Quality and ability of teachers determine the success or failure of English teaching. At present, because of the shortage of English teachers, some of them even have not received special training but just shifted to be an English teacher from one region to the other on