中国文化概况(修订版)chapter 5.ppt

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1、1学习目标了解中国古代科技成果；了解中国现代科技成果；能够用英语介绍中国科技成果。21 1Lead-in Activity2 2Chinese Science and Technology3 3 Discussion&PresentationOverview3Lead-in ActivityDiscussAmong all the scientific and technological achievements,what do you think is the most essential for you and why?Do you think that modern technology

2、 is a double-edged sword,benefiting and damaging our lives at the same time?41 1Lead-in Activity2 2Chinese Science and Technology3 3 Discussion&PresentationOverview51 1Ancient Science and TechnologyChinese Science and Technology2 2Modern Scientific and Technological Achievements6Ancient Science and

3、Technologyl Four Great Inventionsl Traditional Chinese Medicinel Other Impressive Ancient Inventions7Four Great InventionsDo you know what are the four great inventions of China?compassprintinggunpowderpaper-making8Four Great InventionsCompass shows geographic directions use the earths magnetic fiel

4、d enables international trade and exploration denotes eight main directions helpful for the explorations of Zheng He,Christopher Columbus,etc.9Four Great InventionsCompass Vehicle equipped with gear wheels and a wooden figure always points south an earlier and more primitive form of compass 10Four G

5、reat InventionsGunpowder invented by alchemists seeking the elixir of immortality military applications began in the Tang dynasty introduced to the Arab world and Europe in the Yuan dynasty brought a series of revolutions to weapon manufacturing 11Four Great InventionsPaper-making invented by Cai Lu

6、n using cheap materials such as bark,hemp,rags,and other materials introduced to the world,contributing the dissemination of knowledge12Four Great InventionsPrinting known as“mother of civilization”includes block printing and movable type printing block printing is time-consuming and the blocks beco

7、me useless after the printing movable type printing is more convenient with the pieces being durable and reusable13Ancient Science and Technologyl Four Great Inventionsl Traditional Chinese Medicinel Other Impressive Ancient Inventions14Traditional Chinese MedicineWatch the&DiscussIs traditional Chi

8、nese medicine(TCM)welcomed in the US and why?15Traditional Chinese MedicineOutline has a long history and still popular today different from Western medicine in its means of diagnosis and treatment,and its composition of drugs and prescriptions a holistic approach is taken for diagnosis,diet,age,hab

9、its,emotions,lifestyle and living environments are all taken into consideration based on the idea that the cause of sickness is an imbalance and blockage of the flow of qi emphasizes on preventing illness the four methods of diagnosis include observation,auscultation and olfaction,interrogation,and

10、palpation 16Traditional Chinese MedicineCan you match the medical experts with the right descriptions?Bian QueHua TuoZhang Zhongjing1.the author of On Diseases(伤寒杂病论)_2.the author of Compendium of Meteria Medica(本草纲目)_3.the inventor of the four methods of diagnosis:observation,auscultation and olfac

11、tion,interrogation,and palpation/the earliest known Chinese physician _4.the inventor of the“Five-Animal Exercises(五禽戏)”_Bian QueHua TuoLi ShizhenZhang ZhongjingLi Shizhen17Ancient Science and Technologyl Four Great Inventionsl Traditional Chinese Medicinel Other Impressive Ancient Inventions18Other

12、 Impressive Ancient Inventions probably first made by stuffing gunpowder into bamboo sticks the explosions can scare off evil spirits and ghosts setting off fireworks on holidays is still popular Fireworks19Other Impressive Ancient Inventions first developed in ancient China first found as early as

13、3,500 BC originally reserved for the emperors and nobles later spread to other parts of the worldSilk20Other Impressive Ancient Inventions made generally from clay heated at a high degree the first glazing color is blue Porcelain an early form of calculator a frame with rows of beads around the rods

14、 used for four fundamental operations of arithmetic Abacus21Other Impressive Ancient Inventions invented by Zhang Heng used to indicate the direction of a distant earthquake a similar instrument invented in Europe over 1,700 years laterSeismograph22Other Impressive Ancient Inventions used for surgic

15、al operations exampled by“toxic wine”invented by Bian Que and mafeisan invented by Hua Tuo Anaethetic23Other Impressive Ancient Inventions a popular board game originates in China played on a square wooden board of 361 intersections the person who has the most pieces walled in will be declared as th

16、e winner Weiqi241 1Ancient Science and TechnologyChinese Science and Technology2 2Modern Scientific and Technological Achievements25Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsAtomic Energy 1958 heralds Chinas entry into the atomic age China being one of the few countries in the world that have

17、the technology of exploring atomic energy 26Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsNuclear and Hydrogen Bombs 1964,Chinas first nuclear bomb was exploded China being the 5th country with atomic weapon after the US,the former Soviet Union,Britain,and France Chinas first hydrogen bomb was exp

18、loded in 196727Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsOil Production Daqing Oil Field,which was discovered in 1959,enabled China to be one of the major oil-producing countries28Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsSynthesised Crrystalline Bovine Insulin crystalline bovine insulin

19、 was synthesised in 1965 enables China to be the world leader in the research field 29Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsFirst Man-made Satellite Chinas space research started in the mid-1950s Chinas first man-made satellite Dongfanghong-1 launched in 1970 30Modern Scientific and Techno

20、logical AchievementsBreakthrough in Goldbachs Conjecture Chen Jingrun solved the conjecture in 1978 the theory had remained unsolved for over 200 years also referred to as Chens Theorem 31Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsResearch on RNA Semi-Molecule(核糖核酸半分子核糖核酸半分子)an RNA semi-molecul

21、e composed of 41 nucleotides synthesised in 1979 of great significance in research into genetic engineering,viruses and tumours32Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsFive-Stoke Code Computer Input Method(五笔字型汉字输入五笔字型汉字输入)with the method,Chinese characters could be input at the speed of 10

22、0 characters per second marked Chinese characters entering the information age 33Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsGreat Wall Scientific Inspection Station at the South Pole the research in South Pole was started in 1984 with the sailing of Xiangyanghong-10 China South Pole Great Wall

23、Station,Chineses first scientific survey station,was built in 198534Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsNuclear Power Stations in China exampled by Qinshan Nuclear Station and Dayawan Nuclear Station these two are pressurised water reactors 35Modern Scientific and Technological Achieveme

24、ntsYuan Longping and Hybrid Rice revolutionized rice cultivation in China established Chinas world leading position in hybrid rice research 36Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsChinas Manned Space ProgramWatch the video and answer the question:what are the three phases of Chinas manned

25、space program?37Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsChange-3 Lunar Lander and Its Yutu Lunar Rover Change-3 lunar lander landed on the moon in 2013 hailed as a milestone in the development of Chinas space programmes 38Modern Scientific and Technological AchievementsSome other Major Achie

26、vements Research,development and application of super-conductivity Positive and negative electron collider(正负电子对撞机)2.16-meter optical celestial telescope Tianhe-2 Supercomputer391 1Lead-in Activity2 2Chinese Science and Technology3 3 Discussion&PresentationOverview40DiscussionTraditional Chinese Med

27、icineWestern Medicineapproachinductive and syntheticreductive and analyticaltreatmentherbschemical drugsfoundationexperiencestandards and evidencestarting pointtreat the whole bodytreat a particular partDifferences between Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine41DiscussionCatching a cold

28、is terrible,but since there are so many kinds of medicine on the market,you may feel confusing what to choose.Please discuss with your partner about your preference between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and explain your reasons.Then share your ideas with the class.42Students Pres

29、entation You are a university student applying for volunteering in China Science and Technology Museum.To qualify for the job,you have to prepare a two-minute presentation on Chinas recent technological achievements in exploration of outer space.You can turn to the Internet to collect some information for your presentation.43The End